Tesis

Exploration of Factors Shaping Women’s Role of Decision Making on Family Food Choice Among Farmer Household During The COVID-19 Pandemic: A Qualitative Study in Malang District = Eksplorasi Faktor-Faktor yang Membentuk Peran Ibu dalam Memutuskan Pilihan Makanan di Rumah pada Masyarakat Petani di Masa Pandemi COVID-19: Sebuah Studi Kualitatif di Kabupaten Malang.

The urgency of various age of malnutrition has encouraged researchers to investigate the detailed situation among vulnerable groups of people especially in rural agricultural area. Then, the unpredictable situation like pandemic COVID-19 making various complication within the social life, especially among people in agriculture sector. Nevertheless, general opinion of rural community such as farmers supposedly granted with easier access to food has become a major questionable case since previous research study towards farmer household during the COVID-19 pandemic stated otherwise. Many found that the decision process about food within the house not only based on what the farmers produce but also women’s role within family has taken a major role in choosing their food on the table. However, qualitative study focused on women’s role among farmer household during the COVID-19 pandemic are still limited. This qualitative study aims to explore factors that shaping women’s role of decision making on family food choice among farmer household during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study conducted started from September 2021 until November 2021. A total 18 informants consist of mothers who participated in the online in-depth interviews (IDIs) and was chosen by purposive sampling. The key informant interview including 4 husbands and fathers were done as the data triangulation. All the recording data were transcribed verbatim. Data were organized and analyzed using NVIVO 12 Pro. There were 4 topics emerged from this study in which each topic consisted several themes. The topics consisted of first, the women’s role on decision making, socio-economic factors, individual factors and the environmental factors that shaping women’s role on decision making. During the pandemic, the economy of the farmer household experienced a shift regarding the lack of places to sell their harvest. However, the women who apparently had multiple roles regarding their decision making of family food choice founded had various strategies and consideration to make sure the provision of food in the house is still stable. Moreover, it is also found that different factors also shaping the women’s decision regarding their family food choices every day.
Key-words: COVID-19, qualitative study, farmer household, women roles, decision making


Urgensi gizi buruk pada berbagai usia telah mendorong para peneliti untuk menyelidiki situasi secara terrinci di berbagai kelompok masyarakat yang tergolong rentan, terutama di daerah pertanian pedesaan. Situasi yang tidak terduga seperti pandemi COVID-19 membuat berbagai komplikasi di kalangan masyarakat di sektor pertanian. Namun, pendapat umum masyarakat pedesaan seperti petani yang seharusnya memiliki akses pangan yang lebih mudah menjadi pertanyaan besar karena studi penelitian sebelumnya terhadap rumah tangga petani selama pandemi COVID-19 menyatakan sebaliknya. Sementara, proses pengambilan keputusan di dalam rumah tidak hanya berdasarkan apa yang dihasilkan petani tetapi juga peran perempuan dalam keluarga telah mengambil peran utama dalam memilih makanan keluarga yang tersedia di atas meja. Namun, kajian kualitatif yang berfokus pada peran perempuan di kalangan rumah tangga petani di masa pandemi COVID-19 masih terbatas. Kajian kualitatif ini bertujuan untuk menggali faktor-faktor yang membentuk peran perempuan dalam pengambilan keputusan dalam pemilihan pangan keluarga di kalangan rumah tangga petani selama masa pandemi COVID-19. Penelitian ini dilakukan mulai bulan September 2021 hingga November 2021. Informan sebanyak 18 orang terdiri dari ibu-ibu yang mengikuti wawancara mendalam (IDI) online dan dipilih secara purposive sampling. Wawancara informan kunci termasuk 4 orang suami yang juga ayah dilakukan sebagai triangulasi data. Semua data rekaman ditranskripsikan secara verbatim dan dianalisis menggunakan NVIVO 12 Pro. Ada 4 topik yang muncul dari penelitian ini dimana setiap topik terdiri dari beberapa tema. Topiknya terdiri dari pertama, peran perempuan dalam pengambilan keputusan, faktor sosial ekonomi, faktor individu, dan terakhir faktor lingkungan yang membentuk peran perempuan dalam pengambilan keputusan. Di masa pandemi, perekonomian rumah tangga petani mengalami pergeseran terkait minimnya tempat untuk menjual hasil panennya. Namun, perempuan yang ternyata memiliki peran ganda dalam proses diskusi terhadap pemilihan makanan dalam keluarga mereka ternyata memiliki berbagai strategi dan pertimbangan untuk memastikan ketersediaan makanan di rumah tetap stabil.
Kata kunci: COVID-19, studi kualitatif, rumah tangga petani, peran perempuan, pengambilan keputusan