Tesis

Burnout Dan Kualitas Hidup Peserta Program Pendidikan Dokter Spesialis: Sebuah Studi Mixed-Method = Burnout and quality of life of residents: a mixed-method study.

Pendahuluan: Penelitian mengenai hubungan burnout yang dinilai menggunakan Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Service Survey (MBI-HSS) terhadap kualitas hidup residen belum pernah dilakukan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah diketahuinya korelasi burnout dengan kualitas hidup residen di Indonesia, dan diketahuinya faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian burnout di pendidikan dokter spesialis. Metode: Desain Penelitian ini adalah mixed method- triangulation design. Tahap pertama (n=86) menggunakan instrumen MBI-HSS dan World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL)-BREF. Tahap kedua (n=10) adalah wawancana mendalam. Subyek penelitian ini adalah residen di Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Lambung Mangkurat. Hasil penelitian: Hasil MBI-HSS menunjukan bahwa dari 100% (n=86) residen, 31,4% mengalami Emotional Exhaustion (EE) berat, 25,6% Depersonalisation (DP) berat, dan 40% Personal Accomplishment (PA) rendah. Variabel yang berpengaruh terhadap EE adalah kategori program spesialis bedah memengaruhi 2,65 kali. Pada DP, kasus sulit atau langka memengaruhi sebesar 1,14 poin. Pada PA, jam kerja memengaruhi burnout sebesar 1,03 poin. Dalam hal kualitas hidup, variabel ini dipengaruhi oleh ketiga domain burnout, status pernikahan, tingkat tahun pendidikan, jenis kelamin, umur, jenis program spesialis, jaga malam, kasus sulit atau langka, durasi jam kerja, dan jumlah kasus gawat darurat. Secara kualitatif ditemukan dua tema utama yang yang memengaruhi burnout yaitu faktor intrisik dan ekstrinsik. Simpulan: Terdapat hubungan yang saling memengaruhi antara burnout dan kualitas hidup. Faktor intrinsik seperti spiritualistas, dan ekstrinsik seperti durasi jaga, fasilitas kerja, dan relasi dosensenior-junior memengaruhi burnout. Burnout memiliki dampak negatif berupa gangguan fisik, psikis, dan kinerja. Solusi dan harapan dari institusi yang dapat dikembangkan adalah peran pengawasan proses akademik, peraturan akademik, dan manajemen institusi.


Introduction: Study on the relationship between burnout conditions using MBI-HSS on the quality of life of residents has not been conducted. The purpose of this study is to know the correlation between burnout and quality of life of residents in Indonesia, and to determine associated factors. Methods: This study was a mixed method-triangulation design. The first stage (quantitative) used the MBI-HSS and WHOQOL-BREF instruments. The second stage (qualitative) with a phenomenological approach. The subjects of this study were resident at the Faculty of Medicine, University of Lambung Mangkurat. Results: The incidence of burnout as measured by MBI-HSS showed that 86 residents experienced severe EE for 31.4%, severe DP for 25.6%, and low PA for 40%. The variable that influenced EE was the specialist surgeon program category affecting 2.65 times. In DP, each rare / difficult cases add 1.14 point for DP greater than students who did not handle rare difficult cases. In PA, any decrease in working hours will increase PA by add 1.03 point. In terms of Quality of Life, this variable is influenced by the three burnout domains, marital status, years of education, gender, age, type of specialist program, night watch, difficult or rare cases, duration of work hours, and number of emergency cases. Qualitatively, two main themes that influence burnout are found, namely intrinsic and extrinsic factors. Conclusion: There is a correlation between burnout and quality of life. Burnout factors are influenced by intrinsic and extrinsic factors. Burnout has a negative impact in the form of physical, psychological, and performance problems. Solutions and expectations from the institution that can be developed are the role of supervision of the academic process, regulation of the academic process, and management of the institution.
Keywords: Burnout, Quality of Life, and Residence