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Prevalensi Cacingan dan Hubungannya Dengan Perilaku Kebersihan Murid SD di Desa Panimbang, Kabupaten Pandeglang.

Latar Belakang: Anak usia sekolah merupakan kelompok paling rentan terhadap infeksi soil transmitted helminth (STH). Anak di Desa Panimbangjaya, Kabupaten Pandeglang memiliki faktor risiko infeksi STH antara lain perilaku buang air besar sembarangan, higiene makanan yang kurang baik, dan kondisi desa yang bertanah liat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui prevalensi STH dan perilaku kebersihan pada anak usia SD di Desa Panimbangjaya. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross-sectional study dengan mengambil sampel feses dan survei perilaku murid SD menggunakan data sekunder dari kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat yang dilaksanakan di Desa Panimbangjaya, Kabupaten Pandeglang pada bulan Juni 2019 sampai November 2020 pada anak SD kelas 4-6. Semua anak yang datang mengikuti proses pengambilan data diikutsertakan menjadi subyek penelitian. Subjek yang setuju mengikuti penelitian diberikan kuesioner mengenai perilaku kebersihan dan diberikan pot plastik berukuran 10cc untuk sampel feses. Feses dibuat sediaan apus metode kato katz dan diperiksa dengan mikroskop. Data diolah dengan SPSS versi 20. Hasil dan pembahasan: Penelitian ini melibatkan 120 subjek yang terdiri atas 54 lakilaki (45%) dan 66 perempuan (55%). Subjek terdiri atas murid kelas 4 (2,5%), kelas 5 (27,5%), dan kelas 6 (70%). Sebanyak 61 subjek positif STH (prevalensi 51%). Proporsi infeksi Ascaris lumbricoides dan Trichuris trichiura sama banyak yaitu 36,7%. Sebagian besar subjek menunjukkan perilaku kebersihan kategori sedang (56,7%) diikuti perilaku buruk (32,5%), dan perilaku baik (10,8%). Proporsi infeksi STH lebih tinggi pada subjek penelitian dengan perilaku kebersihan buruk dibandingkan perilaku kebersihan sedang dan baik (p < 0,001). Kesimpulan: Prevalensi infeksi STH pada murid SD Panimbangjaya, Kabupaten Pandeglang adalah 51% terdiri atas A. lumbricoides dan T. trichiura yang sama banyak (36,7%). Sebagian besar subjek menunjukkan perilaku kebersihan kategori sedang (56,7%) dan prevalensi infeksi STH berhubungan dengan perilaku kebersihan .
Kata kunci: cacingan, perilaku kebersihan, BABS, Desa Panimbangjaya


Background: School age children are the most vulnerable group for soil transmitted helminth (STH) infections. Children in Panimbangjaya Village, Pandeglang have a number of risk factors for STH infections including open defecation, poor food hygiene, and large area of soil of the village. This study aims to investigate the prevalence of STH infection and hygiene behavior among elementary school children in Panimbangjaya Village. Method: This research was a cross-sectional study by taking stool sample and conducting survey of elementary students’ behavior using secondary data from charity event conducted in Panimbangjaya Village, Pandeglang during June 2019 until November 2020 among elementary school children grade 4 -6. All children who attended and joined the data collection process were included as research subjects. All subjects who agreed to participate in this study were given a questionnaire regarding hygiene behavior and were given 10cc-plastic pot for stool sampling. Smear preparation was made from the stool sample by using kato katz method and was analyzed by using microscope. Data were analyzed by using SPSS version 20. Results and Discussion:This study included 120 research subjects which consisted of 54 males (45%) and 66 females (55%). Research subjects consisted of students on grade 4 (2,5%), grade 5 (27,5%), and grade 6 (70%). As much as 61 students were positive for STH infection (prevalence of 51%). Proportion of Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichuris trichiura infection were equal (36,7%) respectively. Most of the research subjects had moderate hygiene behavior (56,7%), followed by poor behavior (32,5%), and good behavior (10,8%). Proportion of STH infection was higher in research subjects with poor hygiene behavior compared with subjects with moderate and good hygiene behavior (p < 0,001). Conclusion: STH infection prevalence among elementary school children in Panimbangjaya Village, Pandeglang was 51% which consisted of A. lumbricoides and T. trichiura with the same number (36,7%). Most of the research subjects showed moderate hygiene behavior (56,7%) and STH infection prevalence is significantly associated with hygiene behavior.
Keywords: STH infection, hygiene behavior, open defecation, Panimbangjaya Village