Tesis

Uji Validitas dan Reliabilitas Kuesioner Makizako Social Frailty Index (MSFI) Versi Indonesia pada Lanjut Usia = Validity and Reliability Testing ofthe Indonesian Version ofthe Makizako Social Frailty Index (MSFI) in Older Adults.

Latar Belakang: Kerentaan sosial merupakan kondisi penurunan fungsi sosial yang berhubungan dengan meningkatnya risiko disabilitas, penurunan kualitas hidup, dan mortalitas pada lansia. Makizako Social Frailty Index (MSFI) banyak digunakan secara internasional untuk menilai kerentaan sosial, namun belum tersedia versi Indonesia yang tervalidasi. Adaptasi budaya serta pengujian validitas dan reliabilitas diperlukan sebelum instrumen ini dapat diterapkan pada populasi lansia di Indonesia. Tujuan: Menilai validitas dan reliabilitas MSFI versi Indonesia dalam mendeteksi kerentaan sosial pada lansia. Metode: Studi potong lintang ini melibatkan 114 lansia ≥ 60 tahun di Poliklinik Geriatri Terpadu RSCM. Adaptasi budaya mencakup terjemahan maju, sintesis, terjemahan balik, dan uji coba lapangan. Validitas isi dinilai menggunakan I-CVI dan CVR oleh lima ahli. Validitas konstruk dianalisis melalui korelasi item–total (Spearman), dan validitas kriteria dibandingkan dengan skor dimensi sosial Tilburg Frailty Indicator (TFI) versi Indonesia. Reliabilitas internal dinilai dengan cronbach’s alpha, sedangkan reliabilitas test–retest menggunakan Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) dalam interval 1 –2 minggu. Hasil: Seluruh item menunjukkan validitas isi memadai (I-CVI dan CVR = 1). Korelasi item–total berkisar 0,419–0,941 (p < 0,001). Skor MSFI berkorelasi kuat dengan TFI dimensi sosial (rₛ = 0,839; p < 0,001). Cronbach’s alpha sebesar 0,770 dan ICC total 0,966 mengindikasikan reliabilitas yang baik. Kesimpulan: MSFI versi Indonesia merupakan instrumen yang valid dan reliabel untuk menilai kerentaan sosial pada lansia di Indonesia.
Kata Kunci: kerentaan sosial, lanjut usia, Makizako Social Frailty Index, reliabilitas, validitas.


Background: Social frailty is a decline in social functioning associated with increased risks of disability, reduced quality of life, and mortality in older adults. The Makizako Social Frailty Index (MSFI) is widely used internationally, yet no validated Indonesian version exists. Cultural adaptation and evaluation of validity and reliability are therefore required before its application in Indonesia. Objective: To evaluate the validity and reliability of the Indonesian MSFI in detecting social frailty. Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 114 adults aged ≥ 60 years at the Integrated Geriatric Clinic of RSCM. Cultural adaptation included forward translation, synthesis, backward translation, and field testing. Content validity was evaluated by five experts using I-CVI and CVR. Construct validity was examined through item–total correlations, and criterion validity was assessed against the social domain of Tilburg Frailty Indicator Indonesian version (TFI-I). Internal reliability was measured with Cronbach’s alpha, and test–retest reliability with the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) over a 1 –2 week interval. Results: All items demonstrated adequate content validity (I-CVI and CVR = 1). Item– total correlations ranged from 0.419 to 0.941 (p < 0.001). MSFI scores showed a strong correlation with TFI-I social-domain scores (rₛ = 0.839; p < 0.001). Cronbach’s alpha was 0.770, and the overall ICC of 0.966 indicated excellent reliability. Conclusion: The Indonesian MSFI is a valid and reliable instrument for assessing social frailty in older adults.
Keywords: Makizako Social Frailty Index, older adults, reliability, social frailty, validity