Tesis

Pengembangan serta Uji Validitas dan Reliabilitas KuesionerKesadaran dan Penerimaan terhadap Vaksin HPV untuk LakiLaki dengan Kutil Anogenital = Development, Validity, and Reliability Testing of aQuestionnaire on Awareness and Acceptance of HPVVaccination among Men with Anogenital Warts.

Latar belakang: Infeksi human papillomavirus (HPV) pada laki–laki berkaitan dengankutil anogenital serta berperan terhadap kanker anogenital dan orofaring. Kutil anogenitalmerupakan lesi proliferatif jinak, paling sering disebabkan HPV risiko rendah tipe 6 dan11. Berbagai modalitas terapi yang digunakan tetap dapat menimbulkan rekurensi. VaksinHPV merupakan strategi pencegahan terhadap penyakit terkait HPV, namun penerapanvaksinasi pada laki-laki belum merata. Hambatan penerimaan vaksin pada laki-laki antaralain rendahnya pengetahuan, persepsi manfaat yang rendah, serta rekomendasi tenagakesehatan yang belum optimal. Di Indonesia, penelitian terkait kesadaran dan penerimaanvaksin HPV pada laki-laki masih minim, sehingga diperlukan pengembangan serta ujivaliditas dan reliabilitas kuesioner untuk menilai kesadaran dan penerimaan vaksin HPVpada laki-laki sebagai dasar edukasi dan strategi peningkatan cakupan vaksinasi.Metode: Penyusunan kuesioner kesadaran dan penerimaan terhadap vaksin HPV untuklaki–laki terdiri atas 2 tahap. Tahap pertama dimulai dari tinjauan literatur, kuesionerdiberi masukan melalui diskusi panel ahli dari bidang dermatologi, venereologi, danestetika, dan melalui uji pilot (pra-uji). Kuesioner final diisi oleh 30 orang subjekpenelitian (SP) yang datang berobat ke Poliklinik Dermatologi dan Venereologi DivisiInfeksi Menular Seksual (IMS) RSCM. Hasil pengisian kuesioner dianalisis untukmendapatkan nilai validitas dan reliabilitas.Hasil: Sebanyak 30 SP mengikuti penelitian ini. Secara umum, kuesioner yang dihasilkanmemiliki validitas yang baik saat korelasi uji awal dengan uji ulang, yaitu persepsiterhadap kutil anogenital (r = 0,519, nilai p = 0,003); persepsi terhadap vaksin HPV (r =0,571, nilai p = 0,001); kesediaan divaksinasi HPV (r = 0,849, nilai p = 0,000). Hasil nilaiCronbach alpha pada ketiga domain masih dapat diterima hingga sangat baik, yaituantara 0,678–0,917. Tingkat kesadaran dan penerimaan terhadap vaksin HPV padapenelitian ini tergolong baik.Kesimpulan: Kuesioner ini valid dan reliabel dalam menilai kesadaran dan penerimaanterhadap vaksin HPV pada laki–laki dengan kutil anogenital.
Kata kunci: kuesioner, kesadaran, penerimaan, validitas, reliabilitas, vaksin HPV, laki–laki


Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in men is associated withanogenital warts and contributes to anogenital and oropharyngeal cancers. Anogenitalwarts are benign proliferative lesions most commonly caused by low-risk HPV types 6and 11. Various treatment modalities may still result in recurrence. HPV vaccination is apreventive strategy against HPV-related diseases; however, vaccine implementation inmen remains uneven. Barriers to vaccine acceptance among men include low knowledge,low perceived benefit, and suboptimal recommendations from healthcare providers. InIndonesia, research on HPV vaccine awareness and acceptance among men is stilllimited; therefore, development and testing of the validity and reliability of aquestionnaire to assess HPV vaccine awareness and acceptance in men are needed as abasis for education and strategies to improve vaccination coverage.Methods: The development of a questionnaire assessing awareness and acceptance ofHPV vaccination for men consisted of two stages. The first stage began with a literaturereview; the questionnaire was refined through expert panel discussions in dermatology,venereology, and aesthetics, and through pilot testing. The final questionnaire wascompleted by 30 study participants (SP) who sought care at the Dermatology andVenereology Outpatient Clinic, Sexually Transmitted Infections (STI) Division, RSUPNDr. Cipto Mangunkusumo (RSCM). The questionnaire responses were analyzed todetermine validity and reliability.Results: A total of 30 participants involved in this study. Overall, the resultingquestionnaire demonstrated good validity based on the correlation between initial test andretest with perceptions of anogenital warts (r = 0.519, p = 0.003); perceptions of the HPVvaccine (r = 0.571, p = 0.001); and willingness to receive HPV vaccination (r = 0.849, p= 0.000). Cronbach alpha values for the three domains were acceptable to excellent,ranging from 0.678 to 0.917. Awareness and acceptance of anogenital warts and the HPVvaccine in this study was generally good.Conclusion: This questionnaire is valid and reliable for assessing awareness andacceptance of HPV vaccination among men with anogenital warts.
Keywords: questionnaire, awareness, acceptance, validity, reliability, HPV vaccine, men