Tesis

Seroprevalens Antibodi IgG Spesifik Aspergillus pada Pekerja dan Keberadaan Jamur Lingkungan di Pasar Burung di Jakarta = Seroprevalence of Aspergillus-Specific IgG Antibodies in Workers and the Presence of Environmental Fungi in Bird Markets in Jakarta.

Pendahuluan: Pajanan bioaerosol Aspergillus di pasar burung berpotensi mengganggu kesehatan pernapasan pekerja, namun bukti serologis lokal masih terbatas. Penelitian ini menilai seroprevalens IgG spesifik Aspergillus pada pekerja pasar burung di Jakarta serta keterkaitannya dengan karakteristik individu dan lingkungan kerja. Metode: Studi potong lintang pada 68 pekerja di Pasar Burung Pramuka dan Barito. Data demografis, gejala, perilaku serta praktik kebersihan kios dikumpulkan melalui wawancara. Serum diperiksa IgG Aspergillus menggunakan ELISA Bordier. Pengambilan sampel udara dilakukan untuk identifikasi jamur lingkungan. Analisis deskriptif dan bivariat digunakan untuk mengevaluasi hubungan antara status IgG dan faktor terkait. Hasil: Tidak ditemukan kasus seropositif; dua peserta (2,9%) borderline. Distribusi indeks IgG tidak normal dengan median 0,19 (IQR 0,15–0,29) dan terdapat outlier bernilai tinggi yang mengisyaratkan sub kelompok dengan pajanan/respons imun lebih tinggi. Tidak ada hubungan bermakna antara status IgG dan usia, jenis kelamin, jenis pekerjaan, lama kerja, kebiasaan merokok, gejala respirasi, IMT, gula darah sewaktu dan indikator kebersihan kios. Biakan udara menunjukkan dominasi Aspergillus spp. (A. flavus, A. niger, A. fumigatus). Diskusi: Dibandingkan studi Oladele dkk. pada petani (median IgG 0,152; IQR 0,081–1,02), temuan kami memiliki IQR lebih sempit, menandakan variasi yang lebih rendah. Ketiadaan seropositif membatasi kekuatan analisis faktor risiko dan berpotensi menyebabkan underestimation pajanan karena pengukuran satu waktu serta kemungkinan perlunya kalibrasi ambang batas berbasis populasi. Kesimpulan: Pada 68 pekerja pasar burung, seroprevalens IgG Aspergillus sangat rendah sementara lingkungan menunjukkan dominasi A. niger, A. flavus, dan A. fumigatus. Tidak ditemukan hubungan bermakna antara karakteristik klinis/lingkungan dengan status IgG.
Kata kunci: Aspergillus., pekerja pasar burung, , Immunoglobulin G , faktor risiko


Introduction: Occupational exposure to Aspergillus bioaerosols in live bird markets may impair workers’ respiratory health, yet local serologic evidence is limited. This study assessed the seroprevalence of Aspergillus-specific IgG among market workers in Jakarta and its association with individual and workplace characteristics. Methods: Cross-sectional study of 68 workers at the Pramuka and Barito bird markets. Demographics, symptoms, behaviors, and stall hygiene practices were collected by structured interview. Serum Aspergillus IgG was measured using the Bordier ELISA. Ambient air sampling was performed to identify environmental fungi. Descriptive and bivariate analyses examined associations between IgG status and covariates. Results: No seropositive cases were detected; two participants (2.9%) were borderline. IgG index values were non-normally distributed with a median of 0.19 (IQR 0.15–0.29), and several high-value outliers suggesting a subgroup with greater exposure or immune response. There were no significant associations between IgG status and age, sex, job type, length of employment, smoking, respiratory symptoms, BMI, random blood glucose, or stall hygiene indicators. Air cultures were dominated by A. flavus, A. niger, A. fumigatus. Discussion: Compared with the study by Oladele et al. in farmers (median IgG 0.152; IQR 0.081 –1.02), our findings show a narrower IQR, indicating lower variability. The absence of seropositivity limits risk-factor analyses and may underestimate exposure due to single-time measurement and the potential need for population-specific cutoffs. Conclusion: Among 68 live bird market workers, Aspergillus specific IgG seroprevalence was very low despite environmental dominance of A. niger, A. flavus, and A. fumigatus. No significant associations were observed between clinical or environmental characteristics and IgG status.
Keywords: Aspergillus., live bird market workers, Immunoglobulin G, risk factors