Skripsi

Analysis of the effect of 6-gingerol on TNF-α and IL-1β expression in the brains of Metabolic Syndrome Rats.

Introduction The rise in Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) due to changing global habits, alongside the current treatment approach that addresses its individual contributing factors (such as obesity, hyperlipidemia, and insulin resistance) rather than MetS as a whole, suggests a need for alternative treatments. One potential alternative is 6- Gingerol, a compound that may effectively address MetS. Method Twenty rats were equally categorized into five groups of four. The K group served as the control. The N group received a 16-week high-fat, high-fructose (HFHF) diet with no intervention. The PM-1 group received the HFHF diet plus 50 mg/kg of 6- Gingerol for 8 weeks. The PM-2 group received the HFHF diet plus 100 mg/kg of 6-Gingerol for 8 weeks. The PM-3 group received the HFHF diet plus 200 mg/kg of 6-Gingerol for 8 weeks. After the period of intervention, rats were sacrificed, and TNF-� and IL-1β levels in their brains were analyzed using ELISA. Results IL-1β and TNF-� concentration in 20 rats was measured (pg/ml) after normality testing via the Shapiro-Wilk method. The highest TNF-� was in PM-3 (median: 7.47, IQR 3.19), and the highest IL-1β was in PM-2 (mean: 62.39, SD 15.64). Oneway ANOVA revealed significant differences in TNF-� (p < 0.001) and IL-1β (p = 0.009) across groups. Post-hoc Tukey analysis confirmed these differences. 50 mg of [6]-Gingerol did not significantly affect TNF-� or IL-1β levels, while 100 mg only increased IL-1β in standard samples. Conclusion Administering 6-Gingerol has no significant impact on TNF-� levels nor IL-1β in MetS rats induced by HFHF diet.
Keywords: Cytokines, Ginger, Inflammation, Neuroinflammation, Neurodegeneration.


Pendahuluan Meningkatnya Sindrom Metabolik (MetS) akibat perubahan kebiasaan global, bersamaan dengan pendekatan pengobatan saat ini yang hanya menangani faktorfaktor penyebab individual (seperti obesitas, hiperlipidemia, dan resistensi insulin) daripada MetS secara keseluruhan, menunjukkan perlunya pengobatan alternatif. Salah satu alternatif potensial adalah 6-Gingerol, senyawa yang mungkin efektif mengatasi MetS. Metode Dua puluh tikus dibagi rata menjadi lima kelompok yang masing-masing terdiri dari empat ekor. Kelompok K berfungsi sebagai kontrol. Kelompok N menerima diet tinggi lemak dan tinggi fruktosa (HFHF) selama 16 minggu tanpa intervensi. Kelompok PM-1 menerima diet HFHF ditambah 50 mg/kg 6-Gingerol selama 8 minggu. Kelompok PM-2 menerima diet HFHF ditambah 100 mg/kg 6-Gingerol selama 8 minggu. Kelompok PM-3 menerima diet HFHF ditambah 200 mg/kg 6- Gingerol selama 8 minggu. Setelah periode intervensi, tikus dikorbankan, dan kadar TNF-α dan IL-1β di otaknya dianalisis menggunakan ELISA. Hasil Konsentrasi IL-1β dan TNF-α pada 20 tikus diukur (pg/ml) setelah pengujian normalitas melalui metode Shapiro-Wilk. TNF-α tertinggi terdapat pada PM-3 (median: 7,47, IQR 3,19), dan IL-1β tertinggi terdapat pada PM-2 (rata-rata: 62,39, SD 15,64). ANOVA satu arah menunjukkan perbedaan signifikan pada TNF-α (p < 0,001) dan IL-1β (p = 0,009) antar kelompok. Analisis post-hoc Tukey mengkonfirmasi perbedaan ini. 50 mg [6]-Gingerol tidak secara signifikan mempengaruhi kadar TNF-α atau IL-1β, sedangkan 100 mg hanya meningkatkan IL-1β pada sampel standar. Kesimpulan Pemberian 6-Gingerol tidak memiliki dampak signifikan pada kadar TNF-α maupun IL-1β pada tikus MetS yang diinduksi oleh diet tinggi lemak dan tinggi lemak (HFHF).
Kata kunci: Sitokin, Jahe, Peradangan, Neuroinflamasi, Neurodegenerasi