Skripsi

Parental and caregiver perceptions and knowledge ofchemotherapy and its side effects for children with acute leukemia at RSCM.

Introduction Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML) are malignancies that contribute a large percentage to pediatric cancer. Treatment uses chemotherapy; parental and caregiver cooperation is essential for success. A gap in knowledge of chemotherapy side effects, process, and management exists, hence the rise of misperceptions about chemotherapy leading to negative perceptions towards treatment. This study aims to find the knowledge and perceptions of parents and caregivers ofacute leukemia patients in RSCM about chemotherapy. Method This study is an observational descriptive cross-sectional study. Data was taken from parents and caregivers of children with acute leukemia in RSCM by answering a questionnaire using a purposive sampling technique. Results There were 58 total respondents (parents and caregivers). 34 (58.6%) attended high school or university. 28 (48.3%) had low earnings. 52 (89.7%) received information about chemotherapy from healthcare providers. 38 (65.5%) had high knowledge, while 20 (34.5%) had medium knowledge about chemotherapy. 12 (20.7%) had positive perceptions, and 46 (79.3%) had neutral perception. The most common 15 (25.9%) misperception was, “Chemotherapy does not cure acute leukemia, or has a very low success rate.” Conclusion Gaps of knowledge existed in the side effects and management of chemotherapy, and common misperceptions about the success rate, process, safety, and importance of chemotherapy were seen. Studies focusing on larger populations should be conducted in the future.
Keywords: acute leukemia, chemotherapy, parental knowledge, parental perception


Latar Belakang Leukemia limfoblastik akut (ALL) dan leukemia mieloblastik akut (AML) adalah keganasan yang menyumbang persentase besar pada kanker pediatrik. Pengobatannya menggunakan kemoterapi; kerjasama orang tua dan pengasuh dengan tenaga medis kunci untuk keberhasilan terapi. Terdapat kesenjangan pengetahuan tentang efek samping kemoterapi, proses, dan penanganannya, sehingga kesalahpahaman serta persepsi negatif mengenai kemoterapi muncul. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengetahuan dan persepsi orang tua dan pengasuh pasien leukemia akut di RSCM tentang kemoterapi. Metode Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional deskriptif dengan desain cross-sectional. Data diambil dari orang tua dan pengasuh anak-anak dengan leukemia akut di RSCM dengan menjawab kuesioner menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Hasil Terdapat 58 responden (orang tua dan pengasuh). Sebanyak 34 (58,6%) berpendidikan SMA atau perguruan tinggi. Sebanyak 28 (48,3%) berpenghasilan rendah. Sebanyak 52 (89,7%) menerima informasi tentang kemoterapi dari tenaga kesehatan. Sebanyak 38 (65,5%) memiliki pengetahuan tinggi, sedangkan 20 (34,5%) memiliki pengetahuan sedang tentang kemoterapi. Sebanyak 12 (20,7%) memiliki persepsi positif, dan 46 (79,3%) memiliki persepsi netral. Mispersepsi yang paling umum 15 (25,9%), adalah, "kemoterapi tidak menyembuhkan leukemia akut, atau memiliki tingkat keberhasilan yang sangat rendah." Kesimpulan Terdapat kesenjangan pengetahuan dalam efek samping dan pengelolaan kemoterapi, dan terlihat mispersepsi tentang tingkat keberhasilan, proses, keamanan, dan pentingnya kemoterapi. Penelitian yang berfokus pada populasi yang lebih besar disarankan.
Kata Kunci: acute leukemia, chemotherapy, parental knowledge, parental perception