Skripsi

Pengaruh Pemberian Kombinasi Deferiprone dan Ekstrak Buah Mahkota Dewa terhadap Ekspresi Gen ZIP14 di Organ Hati Model Hemosiderosis = Effect of Combined Deferiprone and Phaleria macrocarpa Fruit Extract Administration on ZIP14 Gene Expression in the Liver of Hemosiderosis Model Rats.

Hemosiderosis merupakan kondisi penumpukan zat besi berlebih yang sering terjadi pada pasien thalassemia akibat transfusi darah jangka panjang. Salah satu protein penting dalam transportasi zat besi di organ hati adalah ZIP14. Terapi standar kelasi besi menggunakan deferiprone cukup efektif, tetapi memiliki keterbatasan yaitu efek samping dan biaya yang tinggi. Ekstrak etanol Phaleria macrocarpa mengandung mangiferin berpotensi sebagai kelator besi alami, tetapi efektivitasnya belum sebaik deferiprone. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat efek kombinasi deferiprone dengan ekstrak etanol Phaleria macrocarpa pada tikus model hemosiderosis terhadap ekspresi gen ZIP14. Penelitian ini menggunakan tikus Sprague-Dawley dengan model hemosiderosis yang dibagi menjadi beberapa kelompok perlakuan, yaitu normal, kontrol negatif, deferiprone, dan kombinasi deferiprone dengan ekstrak Phaleria macrocarpa dosis penuh maupun dosis setengah. Analisis ekspresi gen ZIP14 dilakukan dengan metode RT-PCR. Hasil uji statistik ANOVA menunjukkan tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna antar kelompok (p > 0,05). Terdapat kecenderungan peningkatan ekspresi gen ZIP14 pada kelompok kombinasi deferiprone dengan Phaleria macrocarpa dibandingkan dengan kelompok kontrol negatif. Dapat disimpulkan, kombinasi deferiprone dan ekstrak buah mahkota dewa belum dapat menurunkan ekspresi gen ZIP14 pada jaringan hati tikus model hemosiderosis secara bermakna, namun berpotensi sebagai terapi adjuvan yang perlu diteliti lebih lanjut pada level protein.
Kata Kunci: Hemosiderosis, ZIP14, Deferiprone, Phaleria macrocarpa, Ekspresi gen


Hemosiderosis is a condition of excessive iron accumulation commonly found in thalassemia patients due to long-term blood transfusions. One of the key proteins involved in hepatic iron transport is ZIP14. Standard iron chelation therapy with deferiprone is effective, but it has limitations in terms of side effects and high costs. Phaleria macrocarpa ethanol extract contains mangiferin, which has the potential as a natural iron chelator, although its effectiveness is still lower than deferiprone. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of combining deferiprone with Phaleria macrocarpa ethanol extract on ZIP14 gene expression in a rat model of hemosiderosis. Sprague-Dawley rats with induced hemosiderosis were divided into several treatment groups: normal, negative control, deferiprone, and a combination of deferiprone with Phaleria macrocarpa ethanol extract at either full or half doses. ZIP14 gene expression was analyzed using RT-PCR. ANOVA results showed no significant differences between groups (p > 0.05). There was a tendency for increased ZIP14 expression in the combination groups compared to the negative control. In conclusion, the combination of deferiprone and Phaleria macrocarpa extract did not significantly reduce ZIP14 gene expression in the liver tissue of hemosiderosis model rats, but it may serve as an adjuvant therapy that warrants further investigation at the protein level.
Keywords: Hemosiderosis, ZIP14, Deferiprone, Phaleria macrocarpa, Gene expression