Skripsi

The Relationship Between Self-Esteem and Depressive Symptoms in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients at Psychiatric Outpatient Clinic.

Introduction Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a complex autoimmune disease that impacts both physical and psychological health. While systemic lupus erythematosus manifests through symptoms such as joint pain, skin rashes, kidney dysfunction, and fatigue, it also poses a considerable psychological burden, with depression being one of the comorbidities. This study aims to deepen the understanding of the psychosocial aspects of systemic lupus erythematosus, particularly the link between depression and self-esteem. By examining systemic lupus erythematosus outpatients at RSCM, researchers can gather valuable data on the correlation of depressive symptoms and self esteem that aim to improve patient care and quality of life. Method This study collected data from Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) patients at an outpatient clinic RSCM through interviews. The questionnaire covered informed consent, demographic factors, systemic lupus erythematosus symptoms (SLEDAI), self-esteem (Rosenberg Scale), and psychological distress (SCL-90 Scale). Data was stored in an electronic database and analyzed with SPSS. The methods that are used for univariate analysis is the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. Due to the non-normally distributed data, the bivariate analysis and correlation search are conducted using the Spearman correlation test, with results presented as median (min-max). Additionally, the relationship between SLEDAI levels and scores of depression and self-esteem is analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test, and the Mann-Whitney test is employed to examine specific relationships within each category. Results The study utilized data from patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) to analyze demographic factors and their relationships with disease activity, depression, 8 and self-esteem from 55 outpatients at RSCM. Univariate analysis using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test revealed non-normal distribution for all variables, necessitating non-parametric tests for further analysis. Spearman correlation analysis indicated a weak, non-significant positive correlation between depressive symptoms and self-esteem (ρ = 0.188, p = 0.170). Conversely, a significant moderate positive correlation was found between systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity and self-esteem (ρ = 0.476, p = 0.000). No significant correlation was observed between systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity and depression (ρ = -0.018, p = 0.899). These results suggest that while higher systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity is associated with higher self-esteem, it does not significantly impact depression levels. Conclusion The study concluded that among patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE), higher disease activity is significantly associated with higher self-esteem, as evidenced by a moderate positive correlation. However, there is no significant correlation between SLE disease activity and depression levels. Additionally, depressive symptoms and self-esteem demonstrated a weak, non-significant positive correlation.
Keywords: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, Depression, Self-Esteem.