Skripsi

Gambaran Klinis, Tatalaksana, Serta Luaran Pasien Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy di RSUPN Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo = Clinical Manifestations, Management, and Outcomes of Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy at Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital.

Latar Belakang Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) merupakan neuropati sensorimotor progresif yang bersifat monofasik atau relaps-remisi yang memiliki tantangan diagnostik akibat variasi gambaran klinis, keterbatasan standar diagnostik, perbedaan respons terapi serta terbatasnya data lokal di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menunjukkan gambaran klinis, tatalaksana, serta luaran pasien CIDP yang menjalani tatalaksana di RSUPN Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo untuk mendukung proses diagnosis dan penatalaksanaan yang lebih tepat dan efektif. Metode Penelitian ini merupakan studi deskriptifcross-sectional menggunakan data rekam medis pasien CIDP yang mendapatkan tatalaksana di RSUPN Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo selama periode Januari 2020–Januari 2025. Subjek dipilih dengan teknik total sampling. Karakteristik demografik, gambaran klinis, tatalaksana, serta luaran skor Overall Neuropathy Limitations Scale (ONLS) sebelum dan setelah terapi dilakukan analisis secara deskriptif. Hasil Dari 41 pasien CIDP, mayoritas subjek berjenis kelamin laki-laki (70,7%) dengan rerata usia 48,7 tahun. CIDP tipikal ditemukan pada 51,2% pasien. Gejala klinis yang paling sering dijumpai adalah tetraparesis (73,2%) dan hipoestesia (70,7%). Corticosteroid merupakan tatalaksana yang paling sering digunakan (90,2%), diikuti immunosuppressant steroid-sparing agent (51,2%), intravenous immunoglobulin (22,0%) dan plasma exchange (19,5%). Beberapa pasien juga menerima lebih dari satu jenis tatalaksana selama perjalanan penyakit. Median skor ONLS menurun dari 6 (3–11) menjadi 4 (1 –9) setelah terapi, menunjukkan perbaikan fungsional. Kesimpulan Temuan ini menunjukkan variasi dalam gambaran klinis, jenis tatalaksana, dan respons terapi. Sebagian besar pasien menunjukkan perbaikan fungsional setelah terapi, dengan corticosteroid sebagai terapi yang paling sering digunakan. Temuan ini memberikan data lokal yang dapat mendukung diagnosis dan penatalaksanaan CIDP di Indonesia.
Kata Kunci: Autoimun, neuropati perifer, skor ONLS, evaluasi terapi


Introduction Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) is a progressive sensorimotor neuropathy that may present as monophasic or relapsing–remitting, with diagnostic challenges due to heterogeneous clinical manifestations, limited standardized diagnostic criteria, variable therapeutic responses, and limited local data in Indonesia. This study aimed to describe the clinical manifestations, management, and outcomes of CIDP patients treated at Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital to support more accurate and effective diagnosis and management. Method This descriptive cross-sectional study analyzed medical records of CIDP patients treated at Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital from January 2020 to January 2025. Total sampling was applied. Demographic characteristics, clinical features, treatment modalities, and outcomes based on the Overall Neuropathy Limitations Scale (ONLS) before and after therapy were analyzed descriptively. Results Among 41 patients with CIDP, most were male (70.7%) with a mean age of 48.7. Typical CIDP was observed in 51.2% of cases. The most common clinical manifestations were tetraparesis (73.2%) and hypoesthesia (70.7%). Corticosteroids were the most frequently administered therapy (90.2%), followed by steroid-sparing immunosuppressants (51.2%), intravenous immunoglobulin (22.0%), and plasma exchange (19.5%). Several patients received more than one modality throughout the disease course. The median ONLS score decreased from 6 (3–11) to 4 (1–9) after treatment, indicating functional improvement. Conclusion These findings highlight the variability in clinical presentations, therapies, and treatment responses. Most patients showed improvement after treatment, with corticosteroids being the most frequently used therapy. These findings provide local data that may support CIDP diagnosis and management in Indonesia.
Keywords: Autoimmune, ONLS score, peripheral neuropathy, therapy evaluation