Skripsi

Prevalensi dan Karakteristik Otitis Media Supuratif Kronik dengan Gangguan Fungsi Tuba Eustachius pada Pasien Usia 18-59 tahun di RSCM = Prevalence and Characteristics of Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media with Eustachian Tube Dysfunction in Patients Aged 18–59 Years at RSCM.

Latar Belakang Otitis media supuratif kronik (OMSK) merupakan bentuk otitis media spektrum berat yang dapat menyebabkan gangguan pendengaran dan penurunan kualitas hidup. Prevalensi OMSK bervariasi tergantung karakteristik dan jumlah penduduk pada suatu wilayah. Gangguan fungsi tuba eustachius berperan penting dalam patogenesis OMSK. Meskipun demikian, data mengenai prevalensi dan karakteristik OMSK dengan gangguan fungsi tuba eustachius pada pasien dewasa usia 18–59 tahun masih terbatas, terutama di Jakarta. Metode Penelitian potong-lintang deskriptif ini menggunakan rekam medis elektronik di Departemen THT-BKL Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia–Rumah Sakit Ciptomangunkusumo. Sebanyak 78 telinga terinklusi sebagai sampel penelitian. Variabel yang diteliti adalah diagnosis, usia, jenis kelamin, tipe OMSK (aman/bahaya), hasil pemeriksaan fungsi tuba eustachius (ETF-2), dan jenis gangguan pendengaran. Hasil Sebanyak 77 dari 78 telinga (98,7%) OMSK dari pasien usia 18–59 tahun di RSCM mengalami gangguan fungsi tuba eustachius. Karakteristik demografis pasien OMSK dengan gangguan fungsi tuba eustachius yang dominan adalah usia dewasa muda (63,6%) dan perempuan (58,4%). Karakteristik klinis yang paling sering dijumpai adalah OMSK tipe aman (62,3%), gangguan fungsi tuba eustachius total (74%), dan gangguan pendengaran konduktif (59,7%). Kesimpulan Prevalensi OMSK dengan gangguan fungsi tuba pada pasien usia 18-59 tahun di RSCM ditemukan tinggi pada perempuan usia dewasa muda dengan karakteristik klinis dominan berupa tipe aman, disfungsi tuba total, dan gangguan pendengaran konduktif. Temuan ini mendukung peran pemeriksaan fungsi tuba eustachius dalam pencegahan dan tatalaksana OMSK.
Kata Kunci: Karakteristik, Otitis Media Supuratif Kronik, Prevalensi, Tuba Eustachius


Introduction Chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) is a severe form of otitis media that can cause hearing loss and a decreased quality of life. The prevalence of CSOM varies depending on the characteristics and population of a region. Eustachian tube dysfunction plays an important role in the pathogenesis of CSOM. However, data on the prevalence and characteristics of CSOM with Eustachian tube dysfunction in adult patients aged 18–59 years is still limited, particularly in Jakarta. Method This descriptive cross-sectional study utilized electronic medical records from the Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Department of the Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia - Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital. A total of 78 ears were included as research samples. The variables studied were diagnosis, age, sex, type of CSOM (safe/unsafe), results of the Eustachian tube function test (ETF-2), and type of hearing loss. Results Eustachian tube dysfunction was found in 77 out of 78 ears (98.7%) of CSOM patients aged 18–59 years at RSCM. The dominant demographic characteristics among these patients were young adult age (63.6%) and female sex (58.4%). The most frequently encountered clinical characteristics were safe-type CSOM (62.3%), total Eustachian tube dysfunction (74%), and conductive hearing loss (59.7%). Conclusion The prevalence of CSOM with Eustachian tube dysfunction was high among patients aged 18-59 at RSCM, predominantly affecting young adult females. The dominant clinical characteristics were the safe type, total tubal dysfunction, and conductive hearing loss. These findings underscore the importance of Eustachian tube function assessment in the prevention and management of CSOM.
Keywords: Characteristics, Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media, Prevalence, Eustachian Tube