Tesis

Pengaruh Hydroxytyrosol Sebagai Antioksidan Terhadap Superoxide Dismutase, Rasio Netrofil Limfosit, Rasio Monosit Limfosit Pada Pasien Hamil Dengan Hipertensi: A Randomized Double Blind Controlled Trial = The Effect of Hydroxytyrosol as an Antioxidant on Superoxide Dismutase, Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio, MonocyteLymphocyte Ratio in Pregnant Patients with Hypertension: A Randomized Double-Blind Controlled Trial.

Latar Belakang: Hipertensi dalam kehamilan merupakan salah satu penyebab utama morbiditas dan mortalitas maternal dan janin. Peradangan sistemik dan stres oksidatif berperan penting dalam mekanisme terjadinya komplikasi, termasuk preeklamsia. Hydroxytyrosol, polifenol utama dalam minyak zaitun, diketahui memiliki aktivitas antioksidan dan antiinflamasi, namun bukti klinis pada populasi ibu hamil masih terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan menilai efektivitas suplementasi hydroxytyrosol terhadap kadar Superoxide Dismutase (SOD), Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR), dan Monocyte-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (MLR) pada ibu hamil dengan hipertensi. Metode: Penelitian randomized double-blind controlled trial dilakukan pada 42 ibu hamil dengan hipertensi di RSUPN Cipto Mangunkusumo. Peserta yang memenuhi kriteria penelitian diacak menjadi kelompok intervensi yang menerima hydroxytyrosol 10 mg/hari selama 4 minggu dan kelompok plasebo. Pola diet ibu hamil dinilai menggunakan skoring MEDAS. Pemeriksaan SOD, NLR, dan MLR dilakukan sebelum dan setelah intervensi. Analisis statistik dilakukan sesuai distribusi data dengan tingkat signifikansi p < 0.05. Hasil: Suplementasi hydroxytyrosol meningkatkan kadar SOD secara signifikan dibandingkan plasebo (p = 0.035), menunjukkan peningkatan kapasitas antioksidan endogen. Namun, tidak ditemukan perbedaan bermakna terhadap perubahan NLR (p = 0.214) maupun MLR (p = 0.500) antara kedua kelompok. Analisis subkelompok menunjukkan bahwa efek peningkatan SOD lebih nyata pada peserta dengan kadar awal SOD rendah ( < 0.15 U/mL). Kesimpulan: Suplementasi hydroxytyrosol 10 mg/hari selama 4 minggu efektif meningkatkan aktivitas enzim SOD, tetapi belum menunjukkan efek signifikan terhadap penurunan NLR dan MLR. Temuan ini mendukung potensi hydroxytyrosol sebagai terapi adjuvan pada ibu hamil dengan hipertensi, terutama pada individu dengan stres oksidatiftinggi.
Kata kunci: hipertensi dalam kehamilan, hydroxytyrosol, superoxide dismutase, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio


Background: Hypertension in pregnancy is a major cause of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. Systemic inflammation and oxidative stress play a key role in the mechanisms of complications, including preeclampsia. Hydroxytyrosol, the main polyphenol in olive oil, is known to have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, but clinical evidence in pregnant women is still limited. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of hydroxytyrosol supplementation on Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) levels, Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR), and Monocyte-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (MLR) in pregnant women with hypertension. Methods: A randomized, double-blind, controlled trial was conducted on 42 pregnant women with hypertension at Cipto Mangunkusumo National Hospital. Participants who met the study criteria were randomized into an intervention group receiving hydroxytyrosol 10 mg/day for 4 weeks and a placebo group. The pregnant women's dietary patterns were assessed using the MEDAS score. SOD, NLR, and MLR were examined before and after the intervention. Statistical analysis was performed according to the data distribution with a significance level ofp < 0.05. Results: Hydroxytyrosol supplementation significantly increased SOD levels compared to placebo (p = 0.035), indicating increased endogenous antioxidant capacity. However, no significant differences were found in changes in NLR (p = 0.214) or MLR (p = 0.500) between the two groups. Subgroup analysis showed that the SOD-increasing effect was more pronounced in participants with low baseline SOD levels ( < 0.15 U/mL). Conclusion: Supplementation with 10 mg/day of hydroxytyrosol for 4 weeks effectively increased SOD enzyme activity, but did not significantly reduce NLR and MLR. These findings support the potential of hydroxytyrosol as an adjuvant therapy in pregnant women with hypertension, particularly in individuals with high oxidative stress.
Keywords: hypertension in pregnancy, hydroxytyrosol, superoxide dismutase, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio