Skripsi

Perbandingan DASS dan SRQ-20 sebagai Skrining Tools Masalah Kesehatan Mental Mahasiswa Baru Universitas Indonesia di Tahun 2023 = Comparison of DASS-21 and SRQ-20 as Screening Tools for Mental Health Problems among First-Year Students at Universitas Indonesia in 2023.

Latar Belakang Kesehatan mental mahasiswa baru merupakan isu penting di pendidikan tinggi, terutama dalam masa transisi dari sekolah menengah atas (SMA) ke perguruan tinggi yang sering memicu stres, kecemasan, dan depresi. Deteksi dini melalui skrining sangat penting untuk intervensi tepat sasaran. Dua instrumen yang banyak digunakan adalah Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS-21) dan Self-Reporting Questionnaire-20 (SRQ-20), namun belum ada penelitian di Indonesia yang membandingkan keduanya pada mahasiswa baru. Metode Penelitian ini menggunakan cross-sectional study dengan data sekunder dari pemeriksaan kesehatan mahasiswa baru Universitas Indonesia tahun 2023 di Klinik Satelit UI Makara. Sebanyak 202 responden yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi mengisi DASS-21 dan SRQ-20. Analisis dilakukan secara deskriptif analitik, menggunakan uji kappa untuk mengukur kesesuaian kedua alat ukur. Hasil Hasil uji Kappa menunjukkan tingkat kesesuaian bermakna yang sangat rendah antara DASS-21 dan SRQ-20, dengan kesesuaian bermakna hanya ditemukan pada domain depresi SRQ-20 faktor 1 studi India (κ = 0,149; p = 0,012) dan faktor 2 studi Ethiopia (κ = 0,117; p = 0,027) sementara pada domain kecemasan dan stres tidak ditemukan kesesuaian signifikan pada semua faktor SRQ-20. Kesimpulan DASS-21 lebih sensitif dalam mengidentifikasi intensitas gejala spesifik, sementara SRQ-20 lebih umum mendeteksi common mental disorders. Hasil ini penting untuk pertimbangan pemilihan instrumen skrining kesehatan mental di lingkungan universitas.
Kata Kunci: depresi, deteksi dini psikologis, instrumen psikometri, kecemasan, mahasiswa, stres.


Introduction The mental well-being of first-year university students represents a significant issue in higher education, especially during the transition period from high school to university, which is frequently associated with stress, anxiety, and depressive symptoms. Early detection through screening is crucial for appropriate interventions. Two commonly used instruments are the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS-21) and the Self-Reporting Questionnaire-20 (SRQ-20), yet no study in Indonesia has directly compared them in this population. Method This study employed a cross-sectional design using secondary data from the health examinations of new undergraduate students at Universitas Indonesia in 2023 at the UI Makara Satellite Clinic. A total of 202 respondents who met the inclusion criteria completed the DASS-21 and SRQ-20 questionnaires. Data were analyzed descriptively and analytically, using the Kappa test to assess the agreement between the two instruments. Results The Kappa test showed a very low but statistically significant level of agreement between DASS-21 and SRQ-20, with significant agreement found only in the depression domain of SRQ-20 factor 1 India study (κ = 0.149; p = 0.012) and factor 2 Ethiopia study (κ = 0.117; p = 0.027), while no significant agreement was observed in the anxiety and stress domains across all SRQ-20 factors. Conclusion DASS-21 was more sensitive in identifying the severity of specific symptoms, while SRQ-20 provided a broader detection of common mental disorders. These results highlight the importance of considering instrument characteristics when selecting mental health screening tools in university settings.
Keywords: depression, psychological early detection, psychometric instrument, anxiety, students, stress