Skripsi

Pola Kunjungan Pasien Kanker Ginjal (Renal Cell Carcinoma) di Poliklinik Urologi RSCM Sebelum, Saat, Dan Sesudah Pandemi Covid-19 = Patterns Of Patient Visits For Renal Cell Carcinoma at the Urology Outpatient Clinic of Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital Before, During, and After the Covid-19 Pandemic.

Latar Belakang Layanan onkologi terganggu selama pandemi COVID-19, tetapi pola kunjungan pasien kanker ginjal di Indonesia belum terdokumentasi dengan baik. Studi ini bertujuan menilai dampak pandemi terhadap jumlah kunjungan serta menggambarkan karakteristik klinis dan penatalaksanaan pasien kanker ginjal di Rumah Sakit Cipto Mangunkusumo (RSCM) periode 2019–2023. Metode Studi observasional deskriptif retrospektif eksploratif, total sampling dari rekam medis elektronik dan basis data onkologi RSCM (2019–2023; Jakarta, Indonesia). Data meliputi jumlah kunjungan per tahun, demografi, stadium (WHO), status metastasis, dan jenis terapi. Analisis bersifat deskriptif (tabel frekuensi dan tren) tanpa uji inferensial; penelitian disetujui etik. Hasil Jumlah kunjungan meningkat secara bertahap dari 295 kasus pada 2019 menjadi 382 pada 2021, kemudian melonjak menjadi 860 pada 2023. Mayoritas pasien berada pada stadium lanjut, dengan stadium III sebesar 26,4% dan stadium IV sebesar 33,1%, sementara 23,6% tidak memiliki data stadium lengkap. Kasus metastasis mencapai 35,8% secara keseluruhan dan meningkat menjadi 42,0% pada 2023. Pola terapi menunjukkan perubahan pascapandemi. Dominasi nefrektomi radikal (>50% pada 2019–2020) menurun menjadi 25,8% pada 2023. Sebaliknya, terapi sistemik meningkat dari sekitar 14% menjadi 37,1%, dan kombinasi pembedahan dengan terapi sistemik mencapai 24,2%. Nefrektomi sitoreduktif turun dari 16,7% menjadi 1,6%, sementara nefrektomi parsial mulai muncul sebesar 9,7% pada 2023. Kesimpulan Pandemi COVID-19 berasosiasi dengan penundaan lalu lonjakan kunjungan kanker ginjal di RSCM; mayoritas pasien datang pada stadium lanjut, dan pola terapi menunjukkan pemulihan layanan multidisipliner pascapandemi.
Kata Kunci: COVID-19; Karsinoma Sel Ginjal; Rawat Jalan; Aksesibilitas Pelayanan Kesehatan; Indonesia.


Introduction Oncology services experienced disruptions during the COVID-19 pandemic, yet the pattern of renal cancer patient visits in Indonesia has not been well documented. This study aimed to assess the impact of the pandemic on patient visit trends and to describe the clinical characteristics and treatment patterns of renal cancer patients at Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital (RSCM) between 2019 and 2023. Method This retrospective observational descriptive study utilized total sampling from electronic medical records and the RSCM oncology database (2019–2023; Jakarta, Indonesia). Data included annual visit counts, demographics, staging (WHO), metastatic status, and treatment modalities. Descriptive analysis was performed using frequency tables and trend observations without inferential testing. Ethical approval was obtained. Results There was a progressive increase in hospital visits from 2019 (295) to 2021 (382), followed by a marked surge to 860 visits in 2023. Most patients presented at advanced stages, with 26.4% in stage III and 33.1% in stage IV; 23.6% had incomplete staging. Metastatic cases accounted for 35.8% overall and rose to 42.0% in 2023. Treatment patterns shifted notably after the pandemic. Radical nephrectomy, which dominated over 50% of cases in 2019–2020, declined to 25.8% in 2023. Systemic therapy alone increased from approximately 14% to 37.1%, while combination approaches rose to 24.2%. Cytoreductive nephrectomy decreased from 16.7% to 1.6%, and partial nephrectomy emerged at 9.7% in 2023. Conclusion The COVID-19 pandemic was associated with delayed care followed by a surge in renal cancer visits at RSCM; most patients presented at advanced stages, and treatment patterns reflected gradual recovery of multidisciplinary services.
Keywords: COVID-19; Carcinoma, Renal Cell; Outpatients; Health Services Accessibility; Indonesia.