Tesis

Hubungan Kualitas Tidur, Faktor Penerbangan & Antropometri Terhadap Risiko Terjadinya Penyakit Kardiovaskular Menggunakan WHO CVD Risk Charts Pada Pilot Sipil di Indonesia = Association of Sleep Quality, Flight & Anthropometry Factors with The Risk of Cardiovascular Disease Using WHO CVD Risk Charts in Indonesian Civilian Pilots.

Pendahuluan Penyakit kardiovaskular merupakan salah satu penyebab paling sering dari terjadinya inkapasitasi mendadak bagi pilot dan merupakan penyebab nomor satu kematian terkait penyakit pada pilot di dunia. Profesi pilot dihadapkan dengan gangguan ritme sirkadian dan kurang tidur. Tidur merupakan salah satu komponen inti yang menentukan kesehatan jantung. Metode Studi potong lintang dilakukan di Balai Kesehatan Penerbangan Jakarta untuk mencari prevalensi dan hubungan antara kualitas tidur, faktor penerbangan & antropometri dengan risiko terjadinya penyakit kardiovaskular pada pilot sipil di Indonesia. Risiko terjadinya penyakit kardiovaskular menggunakan WHO CVD Risk Charts. Kualitas tidur menggunakan Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Faktor penerbangan berdasarkan kuesioner. Antropometri berdasarkan pemeriksaan fisik. Analisis data menggunakan IBM SPSS versi 25. Uji hipotesis dengan Uji Chi Square. Analisis multivariat dengan uji regresi logistik. Hasil Dari 100 pilot sipil, 84 pilot sipil diikutsertakan dalam analisis penelitian dengan 42,9% pilot sipil memiliki risiko sedang-tinggi terjadinya penyakit kardiovaskular. Terdapat 35,7% pilot sipil memiliki kualitas tidur buruk. Risiko terjadinya penyakit kardiovaskular berhubungan signifikan secara statistik dengan kualitas tidur (p=0,018; OR=3,000), jam terbang total (p=0,002; OR=4,144) dan indeks massa tubuh (IMT) (p=0,04; OR=0,302). Jumlah sektor penerbangan, jenis penerbangan, lingkar pinggang (LP) tidak berhubungan dengan risiko terjadinya penyakit kardiovaskular (p > 0,05) pada pilot sipil di Indonesia. Kesimpulan Kualitas tidur, jam terbang total dan IMT berhubungan dengan risiko terjadinya penyakit kardiovaskular pada pilot sipil di Indonesia.
Kata Kunci Kualitas Tidur; Penyakit Kardiovaskular; Pilot; PSQI; WHO CVD Risk Charts


Introductions Cardiovascular disease is one of the most common causes of sudden incapacitation among pilots and is the leading cause of disease-related death in pilots worldwide. The pilot profession is characterized by disruptions to circadian rhythms and sleep deprivation. Sleep is a fundamental component in maintaining cardiovascular health. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted at the Jakarta Directorate General Civil Aviation Medical to explore the prevalence and association between sleep quality, aviation factors and anthropometry with the risk of cardiovascular disease in civilian pilots in Indonesia. The risk of cardiovascular disease was assessed using WHO CVD Risk Charts. Sleep quality was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Flight factors were assessed using a questionnaire. Anthropometry was assessed through physical examination. Data analysis was performed using IBM SPSS version 25. Hypothesis testing was performed using the Chi-Square Test. Multivariate analysis was performed using logistic regression test. Results Out of 100 civilian pilots, 84 civilian pilots were included in the study analysis with 42.9% of civilian pilots having a medium-high risk of cardiovascular disease. There were 35.7% of civilian pilots who had poor sleep quality. The risk of cardiovascular disease was significantly associated with sleep quality (p=0.018; OR=3.000), total flight hours (p=0.002; OR=4.144) and body mass index (BMI) (p=0.04; OR=0.302). The number of flight sectors, type of flight, and waist circumference (WC) were not associated with the risk of cardiovascular disease (p > 0.05) in Indonesian civilian pilots. Conclusion Sleep quality, total flight hours and BMI are associated with the risk of cardiovascular disease in Indonesian civilian pilots.
Keywords Cardiovascular Disease; Pilot; PSQI; Sleep Quality; WHO CVD Risk Charts