Tesis

Hubungan Tipe Kepribadian Dengan Presenteeism pada Pekerja di Perusahaan Manufaktur = The Association between Personality Type and Presenteeism Among Manufacturing Workers.

Latar Belakang: Presenteeism, yaitu hadir bekerja saat sedang sakit, menurunkan produktivitas dan meningkatkan risiko kesehatan kerja, khususnya di industri manufaktur serat rayon viscose yang padat karya. Meskipun tipe kepribadian diduga dapat memengaruhi presenteeism, bukti dari lingkungan manufaktur di Indonesia masih terbatas. Penelitian ini meneliti hubungan antara tipe kepribadian Big Five dan presenteeism pada pekerja manufaktur serat viscose di Purwakarta, Jawa Barat. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain potong lintang dengan data sekunder dari medical check-up tahunan tahun 2024 yang mencakup seluruh pekerja produksi (n=314). Presenteeism diukur menggunakan Stanford Presenteeism Scale-6 (SPS- 6), dan tipe kepribadian dinilai dengan International Personality Item Pool Big Five Markers-25 (IPIP-BFM-25). Data dianalisis dengan statistik deskriptif, uji chisquare, dan regresi logistik. Persetujuan etik diperoleh dari Komite Etik RSCMFKUI, Universitas Indonesia. Hasil: Presenteeism ditemukan pada 22,9% pekerja. Kepribadian yang paling dominan adalah conscientiousness (51,6%) dan agreeableness (38,9%). Tidak ditemukan hubungan yang bermakna antara tipe kepribadian secara umum dan presenteeism. Namun, pekerja dengan tipe kepribadian conscientiousness memiliki hampir dua kali lipat risiko mengalami presenteeism dibandingkan dengan tipe agreeableness (OR = 1,97; 95% CI: 1,10–3,51; p = 0,022). Kesimpulan: Tipe kepribadian saja bukanlah faktor utama penentu presenteeism dalam konteks ini. Meskipun conscientiousness dapat meningkatkan risiko, faktor organisasi dan kesehatan tampaknya lebih berpengaruh. Upaya penurunan presenteeism sebaiknya difokuskan pada perbaikan kondisi kerja, promosi kesehatan, dan dukungan manajemen, bukan hanya pada karakter psikologis individu.
Kata kunci: Presenteeism, tipe kepribadian, Big Five


Background: Presenteeism, or attending work while ill, reduces productivity and poses risks to occupational health, particularly in labor-intensive viscose staple fiber manufacturing. Although personality traits may influence presenteeism, evidence from Indonesian manufacturing settings is limited. This study examined the association between Big Five personality types and presenteeism among viscose staple fiber manufacturing workers in Purwakarta, West Java. Methods: A cross-sectional design was used, drawing on secondary data from the 2024 annual medical check-up of all production workers (n=314). Presenteeism was measured by the Stanford Presenteeism Scale-6 (SPS-6), and personality traits were assessed using the International Personality Item Pool Big Five Markers-25 (IPIPBFM-25). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, and logistic regression. Ethical approval was granted by the RSCM-FKUI Ethics Committee, Universitas Indonesia. Results: Presenteeism was observed in 22.9% of workers. Conscientiousness (51.6%) and agreeableness (38.9%) were the most common personality traits. No significant association was found between overall personality type and presenteeism. However, workers with conscientiousness as their dominant trait had nearly double the risk of presenteeism compared to those with agreeableness (OR = 1.97; 95% CI: 1.10–3.51; p = 0.022). Conclusion: Personality traits alone are not the main determinants of presenteeism in this setting. While conscientiousness may raise the risk, organizational and health factors appear more influential. Efforts to reduce presenteeism should emphasize workplace conditions, health promotion, and supportive management rather than focusing solely on psychological characteristics.
Keywords: Presenteeism, personality type, Big Five