Tesis

Penyakit Jantung Koroner dan Pengaruh Faktor Pajanan Zat Kimia, Faktor Pekerjaan, dan Faktor Individu pada Pekerja Petrokimia = Coronary Artery Disease and The Effects of Chemical Exposure, Occupational Factors, And Individual Factors on Petrochemical Workers.

Latar Belakang. Penyakit Jantung Koroner (PJK) merupakan penyebab utama morbiditas dan mortalitas pada pekerja industri, termasuk di sektor petrokimia. Lingkungan kerja dengan paparan zat kimia, shift kerja panjang, dan beban kerja tinggi diduga meningkatkan risiko PJK. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi hubungan antara PJK dengan pajanan zat kimia, faktor pekerjaan, dan faktor individu pada pekerja petrokimia. Metode Penelitian. Penelitian dilakukan dengan desain kasus kontrol pada pekerja di sebuah perusahaan petrokimia. Variabel yang dianalisis meliputi shift kerja, paparan zat kimia, jenis kelamin, hipertensi, dislipidemia, aktivitas rutin, merokok, dan obesitas. Analisis statistik menggunakan uji Chi-square dan uji Fisher sesuai dengan karakteristik data. Hasil. Tidak ditemukan hubungan yang signifikan antara faktor pekerjaan (shift kerja dan pajanan zat kimia) maupun faktor individu (jenis kelamin, hipertensi, dislipidemia, aktivitas rutin, merokok, obesitas) dengan kejadian PJK. Temuan ini konsisten dengan beberapa studi sebelumnya yang menunjukkan bahwa risiko PJK bersifat multifaktorial dan kompleks. Kesimpulan. Tidak ditemukan hubungan bermakna antara PJK dengan faktor pekerjaan, paparan zat kimia, maupun faktor individu pada pekerja petrokimia. Penelitian ini menegaskan perlunya pendekatan holistik dan studi jangka panjang untuk memahami faktor risiko PJK di lingkungan industri.
Kata kunci: penyakit jantung koroner, petrokimia, faktor pekerjaan, zat kimia, risiko kardiovaskular


Background. Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among industrial workers, including those in the petrochemical sector. Workplace factors such as exposure to chemicals, long working shifts, and high workload are often considered contributors to increased CHD risk. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between CHD and chemical exposure, occupational factors, and individual characteristics among petrochemical workers. Methods. This study employed a case-control design involving workers from a petrochemical company. The variables analyzed included shift work, chemical exposure, sex, hypertension, dyslipidemia, physical activity, smoking habits, and obesity. Statistical analysis was performed using Chi-square and Fisher’s exact tests, based on data distribution. Results. No statistically significant associations were found between CHD incidence and occupational factors (shift work and chemical exposure) or individual factors (sex, hypertension, dyslipidemia, physical activity, smoking, obesity). These findings align with previous studies suggesting that CHD risk in industrial environments is multifactorial and not solely attributable to isolated variables. Conclusion. This study did not find a significant association between CHD and chemical exposure, occupational, or individual factors among petrochemical workers. Nevertheless, the findings highlight the complex nature of CHD risk and underscore the need for broader, longitudinal research using holistic approaches to explore the interplay of environmental, lifestyle, and genetic predispositions in cardiovascular disease prevention in the workplace.
Keywords: coronary heart disease, petrochemical industry, occupational exposure, chemical hazards, cardiovascular risk