Tesis

Perbandingan Karakteristik Klinis, Karakteristik Demografis, dan Kualitas Hidup Pasien Glaukoma Primer Dan Glaukoma Sekunder yang Menjalani Operasi Implan Glaukoma = Comparison of Clinical Characteristics, Demographic Profiles, and Quality of Life in Patients with Primary and Secondary Glaucoma Undergoing Glaucoma Drainage Device Surgery.

Latar Belakang: Glaukoma primer dan sekunder memiliki perbedaan karakteristik dan respon terapi. Operasi implan glaukoma dapat menurunkan tekanan intraokular dan berpotensi meningkatkan kualitas hidup. Tujuan: Menilai karakteristik klinis, karakteristik demografis, serta kualitas hidup pada pasien glaukoma primer dan glaukoma sekunder yang menjalani operasi implan glaukoma. Metode: Studi observasional analitik berdesain potong lintang dari data anamnesis, pemeriksaan, rekam medis, dan wawancara kuesioner National Eye Institute Visual Functioning Questionnaire-25 Bahasa Indonesia. Hasil: Subjek glaukoma primer berusia lebih tua dibandingkan glaukoma sekunder (p=0,036). Terdapat perbedaan proporsi pekerjaan antara kedua kelompok, dengan mayoritas glaukoma primer adalah ibu rumah tangga (46,7%) dan glaukoma sekunder di sektor informal (42,3%) (p=0,02). Subjek glaukoma primer terdiagnosis lebih lama dibanding glaukoma sekunder (p=0,001). Subjek glaukoma primer lebih banyak menjalani trabekulektomi, sementara subjek glaukoma sekunder lebih banyak menjalani ekstraksi katarak (p=0,001). Mean deviation mata yang diteliti dan fellow eye glaukoma primer lebih buruk (p=0,035 dan 0,048). Skor total dan subskala kualitas hidup antar kelompok tidak berbeda signifikan, namun proporsi kualitas hidup baik didominasi oleh subjek glaukoma primer (p < 0,001). Subjek dengan gangguan visual sedang berpeluang 81,8% lebih rendah untuk kualitas hidup baik dibanding subjek dengan tajam penglihatan normal dan gangguan visual ringan. Kesimpulan: Terdapat perbedaan karakteristik klinis dan demografis antara kelompok glaukoma primer dan glaukoma sekunder, lebih banyak pasien glaukoma primer dalam kelompok kualitas hidup baik, dan tajam penglihatan berhubungan dengan kualitas hidup pasien yang menjalani operasi implan glaukoma.
Kata Kunci: Glaukoma primer, glaukoma sekunder, implan glaukoma, kualitas hidup, NEI VFQ- 25


Background: Primary and secondary glaucoma have distinct clinical characteristics and treatment responses. Glaucoma drainage device (GDD) surgery can lower intraocular pressure and potentially improve quality of life. Objective: To assess clinical characteristics, demographic profiles, and vision-related quality of life (VRQoL) in patients with primary glaucoma and secondary glaucoma who underwent GDD surgery. Methods: This cross-sectional analytical study used data from history, clinical examinations, medical records, and interviews using the Indonesian version of National Eye Institute Visual Functioning Questionnaire-25. Results: Primary glaucoma subjects were significantly older than those with secondary glaucoma (p=0.036). Occupational distribution differed between groups (p=0.02), with the majority of primary glaucoma patients being housewives (46.7%) and secondary glaucoma patients working in the informal sector (42.3%). Primary glaucoma subjects had a longer disease duration (p=0.001). Primary glaucoma subjects more frequently underwent trabeculectomy, while secondary glaucoma subjects more commonly had cataract extraction (p=0.001). Mean deviation in both the study eye and fellow eye was worse in primary glaucoma subjects (p=0.035; p=0.048). Although total and subscale quality of life scores were similar, a greater proportion of primary glaucoma subjects reported good VRQoL (p < 0.001). Subjects with moderate visual impairment had an 81.8% lower likelihood of good VRQoL compared to those with no to mild visual impairment. Conclusion: Significant differences were found in clinical and demographic characteristics between primary glaucoma and secondary glaucoma groups, more primary glaucoma subjects had better VRQoL, and visual acuity was significantly associated with VRQoL after GDD surgery.
Keywords: Primary glaucoma, secondary glaucoma, glaucoma drainage device, quality of life, NEI VFQ-25