Tesis

Hubungan Ankle Brachial Index (ABI) dengan Kejadian Gangguan Kognitif pada Pasien Geriatri RS Dr Ciptomangunkusumo Jakarta = The Association Between Ankle Brachial Index (ABI) and Cognitive Impairment in Geriatric Patients at Dr Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital Jakarta.

Latar Belakang : Penyakit Arteri Perifer (PAP) memiliki hubungan dengan penurunan fungsi kognitif, melalui banyak mekanisme secara pastinya belum sepenuhnya dapat dijelaskan. Belum ada penelitian yang secara khusus menilai hubungan adanya PAP dengan kejadian gangguan kognitif pada pasien geriatri. Tujuan : Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara PAP dengan kejadian gangguan kognitif pada pasien geriatri. Metode : Penelitian dengan desain potong lintang dilakukan pada populasi geriatri yang berobat di Poli Penyakit dalam, Geriatri, Endokrin, Kardiologi Departemen Penyakit Dalam dan rawat inap Gedung A serta ruang rawat inap PJT RS Cipto Mangunkusumo (RSCM) Jakarta pada bulan Januari - Maret 2025. PAP diukur dengan doppler 2,5 MHz sedangkan gangguan kognitif dinilai dengan kuesioner MMSE. Hubungan antara PAP dengan gangguan kognitif dinilai secara bivariat menggunakan uji ChiSquare dan secara multivariat menggunakan regresi logistik. Hasil : Pada penelitian ini ditemukan 130 pasien geriatri dengan mayoritas berjenis kelamin perempuan (52,3%). Berdasarkan nilai ABI, didapatkan PAP normal-ringan 117 subjek (90%) , PAP sedang-berat 13 subjek (10%). Gangguan kognitifdidapatkan pada 10 subjek (76,92%) dengan PAP sedang berat dan 51 subjek (43,59%) dengan PAP normal-ringan ((adjusted PR 1,49 (1,01 -2,21); p 0,042. Kesimpulan : PAP pada populasi geriatri yang didiagnosis menggunakan ABI berhubungan signifikan dengan gangguan kognitif.
Kata kunci : PAP, ABI, MMSE, gangguan kognitif


Introduction : Peripheral artery disease (PAD) has been associated with cognitive impairment through various mechanisms, although the exact relatioship remains unclear. No study has specifically assessed the relationship between PAD and cognitive impairment in geriatric patients. Aims : To determine the association between PAD, measured by ABI, and the occurrence of cognitive impairment in geriatric patients. Method : A cross-sectional study was conducted among geriatric patients attending the Internal Medicine, Geriatrics, Endocrinology, and Cardiology outpatient clinics, as well as inpatients in Building A and PJT wards at RSCM Jakarta, during January-March 2025. PAD was assessed using a 2.5 MHz Doppler device, and cognitive impairment was evaluated using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). The association betwwen PAD and cognitive impairment was analyzed using bivariate ChiSquare tests and multivariate logistic regression. Results : A total of130 geriatric patients were enrolled, with the majority female (52,3%). Based on ABI values, 117 subjects (90%) had normal to mild PAD and 13 subjects (10%) had moderate to severe PAD. Cognitive impairment was observed in 10 subjects (76,92%) with moderate to severe PAD and 51 subjects (43,59%) with normal to mild PAD. A significant association was found between PAD and cognitive impairment ((adjusted PR 1,49 (1,01 -2,21); p 0,042 Conclusion : PAD in geriatric patients, as assessed by ABI, is significantly associated with cognitive impairment.
Keywords: PAD, ABI, MMSE, cognitive impairment