Tesis

Resiliensi serta Masalah Emosi dan Perilaku pada Siswa SMA di Jakarta yang Mengalami Perundungan Siber = Resilience and Emotional and Behavioral Problems Among High School Students in Jakarta Experiencing Cyberbullying.

Perundungan siber menjadi masalah dalam kesehatan mental remaja, terutama di era digital. Resiliensi merupakan elemen penting dalam kemampuan adaptasi yang positif sehingga menjadi faktor protektifuntuk mencegah konsekuensi negatifperundungan siber. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi proporsi perundungan siber, masalah emosi dan perilaku, resiliensi serta hubungan antara resiliensi dengan faktor sosiodemografi serta masalah emosi dan perilaku pada siswa SMA di Jakarta yang mengalami perundungan siber. Penelitian dilakukan dengan desain potong lintang dari Oktober 2023 hingga Januari 2024. Sampel penelitian adalah siswa Sekolah Menengah Atas kelas X sampai XII yang pernah mengalami perundungan siber. Sebanyak 4 SMA dipilih secara purposive sampling, lalu 156 siswa dipilih secara stratified random sampling. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan instrumen berupa kuesioner data sosiodemografi, Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale 25 (CD-RISC 25) versi Indonesia untuk mengukur tingkat resiliensi, Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) untuk mengidentifikasi masalah emosi dan perilaku, serta kuesioner Perundungan Siber Hinduja-Patchin untuk menilai keterlibatan dalam perundungan siber. Analisis bivariat dilakukan untuk melihat hubungan antara resiliensi dengan faktor sosiodemografi serta masalah emosi dan perilaku. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa lebih dari setengah subjek (58,2%) terlibat dalam perundungan siber, dengan rincian 22,4% sebagai korban, 15,3% sebagai pelaku, dan 20,5% sebagai korban sekaligus pelaku. Subjek yang terlibat dalam perundungan siber memiliki proporsi masalah emosi (49,4%), perilaku (34,6%), hiperaktivitas (14,1%), masalah teman sebaya (27,6%) dan prososial (4,5%) yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan subjek yang tidak terlibat. Terdapat hubungan bermakna antara resiliensi yang rendah dengan masalah emosi (p=0,00) dan masalah perilaku (p=0,01) Tindakan preventif untuk memperkuat resiliensi perlu dikembangkan dalam upaya pencegahan dan penanganan masalah mental remaja akibat perundungan siber.
Kata kunci: resiliensi, masalah emosi dan perilaku, perundungan siber


Cyberbullying has emerged as a significant challenge to adolescent mental health, particularly in the digital era. Resilience plays a vital role as a protective factor, enhancing positive adaptation and mitigating the negative consequences of cyberbullying. This study aims to identify the prevalence of cyberbullying, emotional and behavioral problems, resilience levels, and the relationships between resilience, sociodemographic factors, and emotional and behavioral problems among high school students in Jakarta who have experienced cyberbullying. This cross-sectional study, conducted from October 2023 to January 2024. The participants were high school students in grades X to XII who had experienced cyberbullying. Four schools were chosen using purposive sampling, and 156 students were selected through stratified random sampling. Data were collected using a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Indonesian version of the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale 25 (CD-RISC 25) to measure resilience, the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) to assess emotional and behavioral problems, and the Hinduja-Patchin Cyberbullying Questionnaire to evaluate cyberbullying involvement. Bivariate analysis was performed to examine the relationship between resilience, sociodemographic factors, and emotional and behavioral problems. The results indicated that 58.2% of participants were involved in cyberbullying, with 22.4% as victims, 15.3% as perpetrators, and 20.5% as both victims and perpetrators. Students involved in cyberbullying showed higher proportions of emotional problems (49.4%), behavioral problems (34.6%), hyperactivity (14.1%), peer problems (27.6%), and prosocial difficulties (4.5%) compared to non-involved students. Low resilience was significantly linked to emotional (p=0.00) and behavioral problems (p=0.01). Preventive measures to strengthen resilience should be developed to mitigate and address mental health challenges among adolescents affected by cyberbullying.
Keywords: resilience, emotional and behavioral problems, cyberbullying.