Tesis

Faktor-faktor yang Memengaruhi Perilaku Agresif pada Anak Didik di Lembaga Pembinaan Khusus Anak (LPKA) = Factors Influencing Aggressive Behavior in Juvenile Detainees at Special Development Institution for Children (LPKA).

Perilaku agresif yang terjadi selama masa remaja dapat menjadi indikator kuat proses perkembangan perilaku negatif yang bila kerap berlangsung dapat mengurangi kemampuan individu untuk mengontrol perilakunya dengan konsekuensi yang lebih serius. Perhatian khusus untuk deteksi dini dan mencegah risiko berkembangnya perilaku agresif menjadi tindakan kriminalitas yang kian beragam menjadi hal yang penting. Penelitian ini bermaksud untuk mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi perilaku agresif pada anak didik di LPKA. Penelitian merupakan desain potong lintang yang dilaksanakan di Lembaga Pembinaan Khusus Anak Kelas I Tangerang dan Lembaga Pembinaan Khusus Anak Kelas II Jakarta, dalam rentang waktu November 2023-Februari 2024. Sampel penelitian adalah semua subjek populasi pada periode pengambilan sampel dan didapati sebanyak 189 responden penelitian. Kuesioner yang digunakan berbahasa Indonesia, antara lain Adverse Childhood Experience (ACE) untuk pengalaman negatif masa kanak, Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) untuk masalah emosi dan perilaku, Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire (BPAQ) untuk perilaku agresif, serta kuesioner demografis. Analisis bivariat dan multivariat dengan regresi logistik dilakukan untuk menilai faktorfaktor terkait dengan perilaku agresif. Dari 189 responden, rerata usia adalah 16,47 ± 1,08. Didapati sebanyak 64,6% responden dengan perilaku agresif tinggi dan didominasi karakteristik dimensi perilaku agresif berupa agresi fisik dan permusuhan. Responden dengan masalah emosional (p = 0,041; IK95% = 1,024 – 4,007); hiperaktivitas atau inatensi (p = 0,012; IK95% = 1,206 – 5,159); masalah perilaku (p = 0,000; IK95% = 1,846 – 8,487); pengalaman kekerasan emosional (p = 0,004; IK95% = 1,364 – 6,047); pengalaman kekerasan fisik (p = 0,000; IK95% = 2,346 – 13,178); dan masalah dengan teman sebaya (p = 0,000; IK95% = 1,692 – 6,115 berisiko memiliki perilaku agresif tinggi. Dari hasil analisis multivariat didapatkan variabel yang memprediksi terjadinya perilaku agresif yaitu masalah perilaku (p=0,002), hiperaktivitas/inatensi (p=0,040), masalah dengan teman sebaya (p=0,003), riwayat mengalami kekerasan emosional (p=0,16), mengalami kekerasan fisik (p=0,000). Model regresi tersebut berpengaruh sebesar 33,9% terhadap perilaku agresif. Sehingga keterlibatan dari beberapa faktor risiko perilaku agresif dapat memberikan profil penting dari fokus intervensi komprehensif untuk membawa selangkah lebih dekat dalam mengurangi pelanggaran serius oleh remaja dan mengurangi dampak negatif yang ditimbulkan pada masyarakat.
Kata kunci: agresif, faktor-faktor, remaja, lembaga pembinaan khusus anak


Aggressive behavior during adolescence can serve as a strong indicator of the development of negative behaviors, which, if persistent, may reduce an individual’s ability to control their actions and lead to more serious consequences. Special attention to early detection and prevention of aggressive behavior evolving into increasingly diverse criminal acts is crucial. This study aims to identify the factors influencing aggressive behavior among juvenile detainees at the Special Development Institution for Children (LPKA). The study employed a cross-sectional design conducted at the Class I Special Development Institution for Children in Tangerang and the Class II Special Development Institution for Children in Jakarta, during the period from November 2023 to February 2024. The research sample included all population subjects available during the sampling period, with a total of 189 participants. The questionnaires used were in Indonesian and included the Adverse Childhood Experience (ACE) questionnaire for assessing adverse childhood experiences, the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) for emotional and behavioral issues, the Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire (BPAQ) for aggressive behavior, and a demographic questionnaire. Bivariate and multivariate analyses using logistic regression were conducted to evaluate factors associated with aggressive behavior. Of the 189 respondents, the average age was 16.47 ± 1.08. It was found that 64.6% of the respondents exhibited high aggressive behavior, predominantly characterized by physical aggression and hostility. Respondents with emotional problems (p = 0.041; 95% CI = 1.024 – 4.007); hyperactivity or inattention (p = 0.012; 95% CI = 1.206 – 5.159); behavioral problems (p = 0.000; 95% CI = 1.846 – 8.487); emotional abuse experiences (p = 0.004; 95% CI = 1.364 – 6.047); physical abuse experiences (p = 0.000; 95% CI = 2.346 – 13.178); and problems with peers (p = 0.000; 95% CI = 1.692 – 6.115) were at higher risk of exhibiting high aggressive behavior. Multivariate analysis revealed that the variables predicting aggressive behavior included behavioral problems (p = 0.002), hyperactivity/inattention (p = 0.040), problems with peers (p = 0.003), history of emotional abuse (p = 0.016), and history of physical abuse (p = 0.000). This regression model accounted for 33.9% of the variance in aggressive behavior. Therefore, addressing several risk factors for aggressive behavior could provide important insights for developing comprehensive intervention strategies, bringing us one step closer to reducing serious juvenile offenses and minimizing the negative impact on society.
Keywords: aggression, factors, adolescents, special development institution for children