Tesis

Gambaran Kifosis Thorakal dan Posisi Skapula pada Atlet Triathlon Pelatihan X di Bandung serta Hubungannya Terhadap Keluhan Nyeri Bahu = Thoracic Kyphosis and Scapular Position of Triathlon Training X Triathlete in Bandung and its Correlation with Shoulder Pain.

Latar Belakang. Cedera bahu merupakan salah satu cedera yang paling sering terjadi pada atlet triathlon, yaitu dapat mencapai 42%. Karakteristik pergerakan dari disiplin sepeda dan renang yang berlawanan, mungkin menjadi salah satu penyebab tingginya kejadian cedera bahu. Paparan disiplin sepeda dapat meningkatkan derajat kifosis thorakal yang akan menyebabkan perubahan posisi skapula, sehingga memengaruhi risiko munculnya nyeri bahu pada saat atlet melakukan disiplin renang. Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi gambaran kifosis thorakal dan posisi skapula serta hubungannya terhadap keluhan nyeri bahu pada atlet triathlon. Metode. Penelitian ini merupakan studi preliminary. Derajat kifosis thorakal dinilai menggunakan dual gravity-dependant inclinometer, posisi skapula dinilai berdasarkan jarak akromion, superior boarders, inferior boarders dan rasio scapular boarders, nyeri bahu dinilai menggunakan kuesioner shoulder pain and disaility index (SPADI) dan Constant-Murley score (CMS). Subjek penelitian adalah atlet triathlon pelatihan X di Bandung, usia 18-40 tahun. Hasil. Terdapat 9 subjek dengan rentang usia 18-35 tahun. Derajat kifosis thorakal 30(20,31)o, jarak akromion 117,8 + 9,6 mm, superior boarders 56,7 + 11,6 mm, inferior boarders 76,1 + 20,7 mm, dan rasio scapular boarders 0,76 + 0,15. Hasil analisis tidak menemukan adanya korelasi yang signifikan antara kifosis thorakal dengan posisi skapula maupun nyeri bahu dan antara posisi skapula dengan nyeri bahu. Simpulan. Altet triathlon pelatihan X di Bandung memiliki derajat kifosis thorakal yang normal dan posisi skapula retraksi. Tidak terdapat hubungan antara kifosis thorakal dengan posisi skapula maupun nyeri bahu.
Kata Kunci : atlet triathlon, kifosis thorakapl, posisi skapula, nyeri bahu


Background. Shoulder injuries are one of the most common injury in triathlete with prevalence up to 42%. The contradictory biomechanical characteristic of cycling and swimming might be on of the reason of the high incidence rate of shoulder injuries in triathlete. Cycling exposures can increase the thoracic kyphosis and will affect scapular position, in which will increase risk of shoulder injury when the athlete do swimming. The aim of this study is to explore the characteristic of thoracic kyphosis and scapular position of triathlete and its correlation with shoulder pain. Methods. This study is a preliminary study. Thoracic kyphosis is measured using dual gravity-dependant inclinometer, scapular positions are measure by acromial distance, superior boarders, inferior boarders, and scapular boarders ratio. Shoulder pain is assess by shoulder pain and disab`ility index (SPADI) dan Constant-Murley score (CMS). Subjects are triathlon training X triathlete in Bandung, age between 18-40 years old. Results. There are 9 subjects, age between 18-35 years old. Thoracic kyphosis degree is 30(20,31)o, akromial distance is 117,8 + 9,6 mm, superior boarders 56,7 + 11,6 mm, inferior boarders 76,1 + 20,7 mm, and scapular boarders ratio 0,76 + 0,15. Result of correlation analysis between thoracic kyphosis and scapular position, thoracic kyphosis and shoulder pain, scapular position and shoulder pain are not statistically significant. Conclusion. Triathlon training X triathlete in Bandung have normal thoracic kyphosis degree and retracted scapular position. There are no correlation between thoracic kyphosis and scapular position, thoracic kyphosis and shoulder pain, scapular position and shoulder pain.
Keywords: triathlete, thoracic kyphosis, scapular position, shoulder pain