Skripsi

Efek Pemberian Kombinasi Deferiprone dan Ekstrak Etanol Buah Mahkota Dewa terhadap Kadar Besi di Pankreas Tikus Model Kelebihan Besi = The Effect of Deferiprone Combined with Mahkota Dewa’s Fruit Ethanol Extract Administration in Pacreatic Iron Level of Iron Overloaded Mice Model.

Latar Belakang: Kondisi kelebihan besi, terutama akibat transfusi darah berulang pada penderita talasemia, menyebabkan penumpukan besi dan kerusakan pada berbagai organ tubuh, termasuk pankreas. Akumulasi besi berlebih di pankreas menyebabkan stres oksidatif yang merusak sel endokrin pankreas sehingga terjadi disfungsi sel beta pankreas dan resistensi insulin. Kelator besi standar, seperti deferiprone, bekerja efektif tetapi memiliki efek samping yang cukup berat. Buah mahkota dewa yang mengandung mangiferin diketahui memiliki efek kelasi besi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh terapi kombinasi deferiprone dan ekstrak etanol buah mahkota dewa terhadap kadar besi organ pankreas tikus model kelebihan besi.
Metode: Sebanyak 30 tikus SD yang dibagi rata ke dalam enam kelompok: normal (N), kontrol negatif (KN), deferiprone (D), Phaleria macrocarpa (PM), kombinasi satu dosis deferiprone dan PM (DPM-1), serta kombinasi setengah dosis deferiprone dan PM (DPM-2). Seluruh kelompok, kecuali N, diinjeksi iron dextran intraperitoneal (15 mg/kali) 2x seminggu selama 8 minggu. Selama 5 minggu terakhir tikus diberi terapi oral sesuai kelompok kemudian diterminasi. Kadar besi pankreas tikus diukur menggunakan Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS).
Hasil: Kadar besi pankreas pada seluruh kelompok yang diinduksi besi mengalami peningkatan dibandingkan kelompok normal (p < 0,05). Kelompok D (120,272 ± 46,351 μg/g), PM (110,196 ± 56,286 μg/g), DPM-1 (117,184 ± 30,259 μg/g), DPM-2 (170,322 ± 116,999 μg/g) memiliki kadar besi yang lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan KN (342,414 ± 97,872 μg/g).
Kesimpulan: Kombinasi deferiprone dan ekstrak etanol buah mahkota dewa dapat menurunkan kadar besi pada organ pankreas tikus model kelebihan besi. DPM-1 dapat menurunkan kadar besi pankreas lebih baik dari DPM-2.

Kata Kunci: Deferiprone, iron overload, pankreas, Phaleria macrocarpa




Introduction: Iron overload, especially due to repeated blood transfusions in thalassemia patients, causes iron accumulation and damage to organs, including the pancreas. Excess iron in the pancreas induces oxidative stress, damaging pancreatic endocrine cells, leading to beta-cell dysfunction and insulin resistance. Standard iron chelators, such as deferiprone, are effective but have serious side effects. Mahkota dewa fruit (Phaleria macrocarpa), containing mangiferin, is known to have iron-chelating properties. This study aims to evaluate the effect of combined therapy of deferiprone and ethanol extract of mahkota dewa fruit on pancreatic iron levels in iron-overloaded mice model.
Method: Thirty Sprague-Dawley rats were divided equally into six groups: normal (N), negative control (KN), deferiprone (D), Phaleria macrocarpa (PM), combination of full-dose deferiprone and PM (DPM-1), and combination of half-dose deferiprone and PM (DPM-2). All groups, except N, were injected intraperitoneally with iron dextran twice weekly for 8 weeks. During the last 5 weeks, the rats were given oral therapy according to their group, then sacrificed. Pancreatic iron levels were measured using Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS).

Results: Pancreatic iron levels in all iron-induced groups increased compared to the normal group (p < 0.05). Groups D (120.272 ± 46.351 μg/g), PM (110.196 ± 56.286 μg/g), DPM-1 (117.184 ± 30.259 μg/g), and DPM-2 (170.322 ± 116.999 μg/g) had lower iron levels than KN (342.414 ± 97.872 μg/g).
Conclusion: The combination of deferiprone and ethanol extract of mahkota dewa fruit can reduce pancreatic iron levels in an iron overload rat model. DPM-1 shows a greater reduction than DPM-2.

Keywords: Deferiprone, iron overload, pancreas, Phaleria macrocarpa