Tesis

Perbedaan Rerata Nilai Phase Angle Praoperasi dengan Kejadian Infeksi Pascaoperasi Saluran Cerna = The Mean Difference of Preoperative Phase Angle and the Incidence of Postoperative Gastrointestinal Tract Infection.

Latar Belakang: Infeksi pascaoperasi merupakan salah satu komplikasi yang sering terjadi pembedahan saluran cerna. Pasien malnutrisi terjadi penurunan sistem imun sehingga sangat rentan terjadinya komplikasi infeksi pascaoperasi. Phase angle (PhA) adalah salah satu indikator status nutrisi tingkat seluler yang masih jarang digunakan. Penelitian ini bertujuan melihat hubungan nila PhA praoperasi dengan kejadian infeksi pascaoperasi saluran cerna. Metode: Studi kohort prospektif dilakukan pada 58 subjek yang terdiri dari kelompok infeksi dan kelompok tidak infeksi yang menjalani pembedahan saluran cerna elektif di RSUPN Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo. Pemeriksaan PhA praoperasi dinilai dengan pemeriksaan komposisi tubuh menggunakan bioelectrical impedance analysis seca® mBCA 525. Pemantauan kejadian infeksi berupa infeksi daerah operasi (IDO), kebocoran anastomosis, pneumonia dan sepsis dilakukan selama 30 hari pascaoperasi. Analisis hubungan keduanya dilakukan dengan menggunakan uji T tidak berpasangan. Hasil: Dari 58 subjek sebagian besar mengalami malnutrisi berdasarkan Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) dan berhubungan signifikan dengan kejadian infeksi pascaoperasi. Nilai rerata PhA subjek laki-laki (5,55 ± 1,24o) secara signifikan lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan subjek perempuan (4,88 ± 1,11 o). Kejadian infeksi pascaoperasi paling banyak adalah IDO, yaitu sebanyak 53,3%. Tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara nilai PhA dengan kejadian infeksi pascaoperasi, dengan perbedaan rerata 0,0877 (IK 95%: -0,56 - 0,74; nilai p=0,787). Kesimpulan: Tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara nilai PhA praoperasi berdasarkan kejadian infeksi pascaoperasi.
Kata Kunci: phase angle, kejadian infeksi pascaoperasi, operasi saluran cerna


Background: Postoperative infections are among the most common complications in gastrointestinal surgery. Malnourished patients experience a decline in immune function, rendering them highly susceptible to postoperative infectious complications. Phase angle (PhA) is a cellular-level nutritional status indicator that is rarely utilized. This study aims to examine the relationship between preoperative PhA values and the incidence of postoperative infections in gastrointestinal surgery. Method: A prospective cohort study was conducted on 58 subjects, comprising an infection group and a non-infection group, who underwent elective gastrointestinal surgery at RSUPN Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo. Preoperative PhA was assessed through body composition analysis using bioelectrical impedance analysis seca® mBCA 525. The incidence of infections, including surgical site infections (SSI), anastomotic leakage, pneumonia, and sepsis, was monitored for 30 days postoperatively. The relationship between these factors was analysed using an unpaired t-test. Result: Among the 58 subjects, the majority were malnourished based on the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) criteria, which was significantly associated with the incidence of postoperative infections. The mean PhA value for male subjects (5.55 ± 1.24°) was significantly higher than that for female subjects (4.88 ± 1.11°). The most common postoperative infection was surgical site infection (SSI), accounting for 53.3% of cases. There was no significant difference between PhA values and the incidence of postoperative infections, with a mean difference of 0.0877 (95% CI: -0.56 to 0.74; p=0.787) Conclusion: There was no significant difference in preoperative PhA values based on the incidence of postoperative infections.
Keyword: phase angle, postoperative infection, gastrointestinal surgery