Skripsi

Phytochemical and in-vitro Cytotoxicity Study of Ethanol Extract of Fresh and Steamed Cassava Tuber (Manihot Esculenta) Against Hela Cells = Kajian Fitokimia dan Sitotoksisitas secara in-vitro Ekstrak Etanol Umbi Singkong (Manihot Esculenta) Segar dan Kukus Terhadap Sel HeLa.

Introduction Cervical cancer is one of the most common cancers in women. Although some treatments increase survival rates, they are relatively expensive. Research shows some naturally occurring metabolites in cassava may have anti-cancer properties. This research aims to investigate the phytochemical components of cassava tuber and their cytotoxic abilities. Method Extracts of fresh and steamed cassava tuber (Manihot esculenta) were made using ethanol as a solvent. These extracts were then tested to examine their phytochemical constituents using various phytochemical assays and thin-layer chromatography. Additionally, their cytotoxic abilities were also inspected using an MTT assay and the HeLa cell line. Results Ethanolic extracts of fresh and steamed Manihot esculenta tubers contained 2 phytochemicals. These are alkaloid and triterpenoid. They both also have ‘moderate’ cytotoxic activity as the ethanolic extracts of fresh Manihot esculenta tuber had an IC50 value of 159.56μg/mL and the ethanolic extracts of steamed Manihot esculenta meat had an IC50 value of 157.11μg/mL towards HeLa cervical cancer line. Conclusion Ethanolic extract of both fresh and steamed Manihot esculenta contained phytochemicals that show cytotoxic activity towards the HeLa cervical cancer line.
Keywords: Cassava meat, cytotoxicity, MTT assay, phytochemicals


Latar Belakang Kanker serviks merupakan salah satu kanker yang paling sering terjadi pada wanita. Meskipun ada beberapa metode pengobatan, harganya cukup tinggi. Beberapa penelitian menunjukkan singkong mengandung metabolit alami yang mungkin memiliki sifat anti kanker. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui komponen fitokimia dalam umbi singkong dan kemampuan sitotoksiknya. Metode Umbi singkong (Manihot esculenta) yang segar dan sudah dikukus diekstraksi menggunakan etanol sebagai pelarut. Ekstrak tersebut kemudian diuji kandungan fitokimianya menggunakan berbagai uji fitokimia dan kromatografi lapis tipis. Selain itu, kemampuan sitotoksiknya juga diperiksa menggunakan uji MTT dan kultur sel HeLa. Hasil Ekstrak etanol umbi Manihot esculenta segar dan sudah dikukus mengandung 2 komponen fitokimia, yaitu alkaloid dan triterpenoid. Kedua ekstrak tersebut tergolong memiliki aktivitas sitotoksik 'sedang' oleh karena ekstrak etanol daging Manihot esculenta segar memiliki nilai IC50 sebesar 159,56μg/mL dan ekstrak etanol daging Manihot esculenta kukus memiliki nilai IC50 sebesar 157,10800μg/mL terhadap sel kanker serviks HeLa. Kesimpulan Ekstrak etanol umbi Manihot esculenta segar dan sudah dikukus mengandung fitokimia yang menunjukkan aktivitas sitotoksik terhadap sel kanker serviks HeLa.
Kata Kunci: Umbi singkong, fitokimia, Manihot esculenta, sitotoksisitas, uji MTT