Skripsi

Analisis In Silico Potensi Senyawa Antikanker Ekstrak Daun Jati (Tectona grandis Leaf) dalam Mempengaruhi Differentially Expressed Genes (DEG) Sel Kanker Payudara/MCF-7 = In Silico Analysis of the Anticancer Potential of Tectona grandis Leaf Extract in Influencing Differentially Expressed Genes (DEG) in MCF- 7 Breast Cancer Cells.

Latar Belakang Kanker Payudara merupakan kanker yang paling sering ditemui di negara berkembang. Saat ini terapi yang paling banyak digunakan adalah terapi hormon, tetapi terapi ini menunjukkan resistensi pada pasien metastasis karena mutasi gen. Daun tanaman jati (Tectona grandis) telah banyak diteliti kandungannya dan berpotensi dijadikan sebagai obat antikanker untuk menggantikan obat yang sudah resisten. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menelusuri senyawa antikanker potensial estrak daun tanaman jati dalam mempengaruhi ekspresi DEGs pada sel MCF-7 secara in silico. Metode Analisis gen kanker payudara pada sel MCF-7 dan sel MCF-10A dilakukan secara in Silico untuk menemukan gen yang ekspresinya ditemukan berbeda bermakna/Differentially Expressed Genes (DEG) dengan pValue < 0.05 dan Log2(Fold Change) > |1|. Kumpulan DEG (DEGs) yang terpilih diolah menggunakan Enrichr, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway, dan Cytoscape untuk menemukan gen kunci. Analisis protein interaksi yang mempengaruhi regulasi gen kunci diolah dengan menggunakan CTD. Nilai IC50 dan Ligand Efficiency Lipophilic Price (LELP) dari senyawa antikanker diprediksi dengan OSIRIS DataWarrior. Hasil Ditemukan 13959 DEG antara sel MCF-7 dan Sel MCF-10A. DEGs tersebut di iris dengan 13450 data DEGs antara kanker payudara luminal A dan payudara normal sehingga ditemukan 1448 DEG. DEGs tersebut menghasilkan gen CCND2 sebagai gen kunci serta protein IL2 dan TNF sebagai regulator gen yang dijadikan model prediksi menggunakan OSIRIS DataWarrior. Hasil akhir model prediksi menemukan 3 senyawa potensial antikanker yang terkandung pada ekstrak daun jati, yaitu Lapachol, 2- Methylanthraquinone, dan Tectoionol B. Kesimpulan Ekstrak daun tanaman jati memiliki senyawa potensial antikanker yang dapat meregulasi ekspresi DEG agar ekspresinya diharapkan kembali menjadi normal kembali.
Kata Kunci: MCF-7, Kanker Payudara, Tectona grandis, Antikanker, Differentially Expressed Genes (DEG)


Introduction Breast cancer is the most encountered type of cancer in developing countries. Currently, the most widely used therapy is hormone therapy, but this therapy shows resistance in metastatic patients due to gene mutations. The leaves of the teak plant (Tectona grandis) have been extensively studied for their contents and have the potential to be used as an anticancer drug to replace drugs that have become resistant. This research was conducted to explore the potential anticancer compounds in teak leaf extract in influencing the expression of DEGs in MCF-7 cells. Method Breast cancer gene analysis in MCF-7 and MCF-10A cells was conducted in silico to identify genes with significantly different expression (DEG) with a P Value < 0.05 and Log2(Fold Change) > |1|. Selected DEGs were processed using Enrichr, KEGG pathway, and Cytoscape to identify key genes. Protein interaction analysis affecting key gene regulation was processed using CTD. The IC50 values of anticancer compounds were predicted using OSIRIS DataWarrior. Results A total of 13,959 DEGs were identified between MCF-7 and MCF-10A cells. These DEGs were intersected with 13,450 DEG data between luminal A breast cancer and normal breast tissue, resulting in 1,448 DEG. This DEGs identified the CCND2 gene as a key gene, with IL2 and TNF proteins as gene regulators, which were used as prediction models using OSIRIS DataWarrior. The final prediction model identified three potential anticancer compounds in teak leaf extract: Lapachol, 2-Methylanthraquinone, and Tectoionol B. Conclusion Teak leaf extract contains potential anticancer compounds that can regulate the expression of DEG, with the aim of restoring their expression to normal levels
Keywords: MCF-7, Breast Cancer, Tectona grandis, Anticancer, Differentially Expressed Genes (DEG)