Tesis

Perbandingan Kumur Magnesium Sulfat dengan Kumur Benzydamine Hydrochloride Dalam Mengurangi Kejadian Nyeri Tenggorok Setelah Pemasangan Laryngeal Mask Airway = Comparison of Magnesium Sulfate Gargle with Benzydamine Hydrochloride Gargle in Reducing Postoperative Sore Throat After Insertion of a Laryngeal Mask Airway.

Pendahuluan : Angka kejadian POST dilaporkan dapat mencapai hingga 60%. Penggunaan LMA dinilai memiliki komplikasi faringolaringeal lebih rendah dibanding ETT. Namun LMA masih memiliki kejadian nyeri tenggorok hingga 26.3%. Berkumur dengan benzydamine hydrochloride terbukti efektif mengurangi POST, hanya saja distribusi obat tersebut di Indonesia belum merata. Obat kumur magnesium sulfat dapat dijadikan alternatif untuk mengurangi POST, harga dan distribusinya di Indonesia dinilai lebih merata. Apakah kumur magnesium sulfat cukup efektif sebagai alternatif pengganti benzydamine hydrochloride dalam mengurangi POST? Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan efektifitas kumur magnesium sulfat dengan benzydamine hydrochloride dalam mengurangi POST pascapemasangan LMA. Metode : Penelitian ini merupakan uji klinis acak tersamar tunggal. Sebanyak 164 subjek penelitian diambil secara consecutive sampling. Subjek penelitian mendapatkan botol penelitian yang berisikan obat kumur yang sudah dirandomisasi kemudian dilanjutkan dengan prosedur anestesi sesuai dengan alur penelitian. Setelah selesai operasi, pasien akan dinilai : adanya kejadian nyeri tenggorok, derajat nyeri tenggorok, efek samping, ketidaknyamanan saat mengkonsumsi makanan (odinofagia) dan gangguan menelan makanan (disfagia) pada jam ke 2, 6, 24 dan 48 pascaoperasi. Hasil yang didapat kemudian dilakukan analisa data. Hasil : Benzydamine hydrochloride dan magnesium sulfat tampak dapat menurunkan kejadian POST pasca-LMA. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian tampak tidak didapatkan perbedaan bermakna diantara kedua kelompok; pada kejadian nyeri tenggorok pasca-LMA di jam ke 2, 6 dan 24 dengan nilai P > 0.05 dan perbandingan derajat nyeri pasca-LMA kedua kelompok dengan nilai P > 0.05. Kejadian odinofagia kedua kelompok rendah dan hampir serupa. Tidak didapatkan efek samping dan kejadian disfagia pada penelitian ini. Simpulan : Kumur magnesium sulfat memiliki efektifitas yang tidak lebih buruk dibandingkan dengan kumur benzydamine hydrochloride dalam mengurangi kejadian nyeri tenggorok pascapemasangan LMA.
Kata kunci : Post Operative Sore Throat (POST), Laryngeal Mask Airway (LMA), magnesium sulfat, benzydamine hydrochloride.


Background: The incidence of POST can reach up to 60%. The use of LMA is considered to have fewer pharyngolaryngeal complications than ETT. However, it turns out that LMA still has a POST incidence of up to 26.3%. Gargling with benzydamine hydrochloride has been proven to be effective in reducing POST, but the distribution of this drug in Indonesia is not evenly distributed. Magnesium sulfate gargle can be used as an alternative to reduce POST; its price and distribution in Indonesia are considered more even. Is magnesium sulfate gargle effective enough as an alternative to benzydamine hydrochloride in reducing POST? This study aims to compare the effectiveness of magnesium sulfate gargle with benzydamine hydrochloride in reducing POST after LMA insertion. Methods: This study was a single-blind, randomized clinical trial. After obtaining ethical permission, 164 research subjects were selected using consecutive sampling. The research subjects then received a bottle containing mouthwash whose contents had been randomized. After gargling with the mouthwash, they continued the anesthesia procedure according to the research flow. When the operation has finished, the patient will be assessed for the presence of throat pain, the degree of throat pain, side effects, discomfort when consuming food (odynophagia), and problem swallowing food (dysphagia) at 2, 6, 24, and 48 hours after surgery. The results obtained were then subjected to data analysis. Results: Benzydamine hydrochloride and magnesium sulfate can reduce the incidence of POST after LMA. Based on the research results, it appears that there were no significant differences between the two groups on the incidence of postLMA throat pain at 2, 6, and 24 hours with a P value > 0.05 and a comparison of the degree of post-LMA pain between the two groups with a P value > 0.05. The incidence of odynophagia in both groups was low and similar. There were no side effects and dysphagia obtained in this study. Conclusion: Magnesium sulfate gargle is not less effective than benzydamine hydrochloride gargle in reducing the incidence of POST after LMA insertion.
Keywords: Post Operative Sore Throat (POST), Laryngeal Mask Airway (LMA), magnesium sulfate, benzydamine hydrochloride.