Tesis

Kajian Kontaminasi Bakteri dan Jamur pada Madu Mentah Alami : Sebuah Studi Kasus = Bacterial and Fungal Contamination ofNatural Raw Honey: A Case Study.

Latar Belakang: Madu bermanfaat membantu penyembuhan luka. Priyono,1 meneliti manuka 100% pada pasien timpanoplasti, didapatkan peningkatan re-epitelisasi MT sempurna (efek fibroblas dan keratinosit) dan efek positifmadu trigona (in vitro). Potensi terapeutik ini dapat diteliti lanjut. Ketersediaan produk siap pakai masih terbatas dan sulit didapatkan di Indonesia. Tujuan: Mengetahui ada atau tidak adanya kontaminasi, jumlah, dan jenis bakteri, jamur pada madu mentah alami Indonesia dan manuka, sebagai kandidat madu medical grade Indonesia untuk penyembuhan luka khususnya di bidang Otologi THT. Metode: Studi kasus pada 28 sampel madu mentah alami untuk menilai kontaminasi bakteri dan jamur dengan kultur. Jumlah dinilai dengan TPC, identifikasi menggunakan kultur agar darah, Brucella agar, Gram, Vitek2. Identifikasi jamur dengan slide culture dan LPCB. Analisis kualitatif dilakukan dengan memaparkan sebaran madu sesuai kandungan bakteri dan jamur. Hasil: Terdapat bakteri pada 27 sampel (96,4%) dan 1 hasil negatif (3,57%). Bakteri terbanyak golongan bacillus, aerob, gram positif, berspora dengan spesies Bacillus cereus. Jamur ditemukan pada 12 sampel madu Indonesia. Jamur ragi tidak ditemukan pada seluruh sampel. Terdapat 8 sampel madu Indonesia dan 4 madu manuka yang memenuhi standar madu raw medical grade. Kesimpulan: Madu mentah alami Indonesia maupun New Zealand terdapat kontaminasi bakteri dan jamur. Jumlah mayoritas sesuai batasan kontaminasi maksimal food grade dengan golongan Bacillus dan Aspergillus pada temuan jenis terbanyak. Penggunaan madu dalam kesehatan harus melalui pemilihan ketat menuju madu medical grade.
Kata kunci : kontaminasi, bakteri, jamur, madu, madu mentah alami, manuka, madu medical grade


Background : Honey is beneficial for wound healing. Priyono1 studied 100% manuka in tympanoplasty patients, found an increase in complete TMre-epithelialization (fibroblast and keratinocyte effects) and positive effects of trigona honey (in vitro). This therapeutic potential can be further investigated. The availability of ready-to-use products is still limited and difficult to obtain in Indonesia. Objectives : Knowing the presence or absence of contamination, number, and type of bacteria, fungi in Indonesian natural raw honey and manuka, as a candidate for Indonesian medical grade honey for wound healing, especially in the field of ENT Otology. Methods : Case study on 28 natural raw honey samples to assess bacterial and fungal contamination by culture. Counts were assessed by TPC, identification using blood agar culture, Brucella agar, Gram, Vitek2. Fungal identification by slide culture and LPCB. Qualitative analysis performed by describing the distribution of honey according to bacterial and fungal content. Results: There’s bacteria in 27 samples (96.4%) and 1 negative result (3.57%). Most bacteria were bacillus, aerobic, gram-positive, with Bacillus cereus species. Mold was found in 12 samples of Indonesian honey. Yeast was not found in all samples. There were 8 Indonesian and 4 manuka honey samples that met the raw medical grade honey standard. Conclusion: Both Indonesian and New Zealand natural raw honey contained bacterial and fungal contamination. The majority were within the maximum food grade contamination limit with Bacillus and Aspergillus being the most common species. The use of honey in medical field must go through strict selection towards medical grade honey.
Keywords : contamination, bacteria, honey, mold, natural raw honey, manuka, medical grade honey