Skripsi

Association Between Healthy Eating Index and Postpartum Body Fat Percentage Among Women in Jakarta = Hubungan antara Healthy Eating Index dan Persentase Lemak Tubuh pada Wanita Postpartum di Jakarta.

Changes in body composition have often been used to assess the effects of diet. An unhealthy diet directly affects the likelihood of developing obesity and thus, acquiring noncommunicable diseases (NCDs). However, it remains unclear whether dietary quality such as Alternating Healthy Eating Index for pregnancy (AHEI-P) is associated with such conditions in postpartum women. We investigated the dietary quality of postpartum women in Jakarta and analysed how it associates with their body fat percentage. A cross-sectional study was done in Jakarta using secondary data from the ‘BRAVE’ project by HNRC-IMERI FKUI. This study included 132 women who were six months postpartum. Dietary quality was assessed through the collection of 24-hour food recall questionnaires and subsequent AHEI-P scoring. Meanwhile, skinfold thickness taken from the biceps, triceps, and subscapular area, along with body height and arm circumference was measured to calculate body fat percentage using a modified formula. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed to determine the association between AHEIP score and body fat percentage, adjusting for potential confounders. The AHEI-P scores of 78% of women were < 45, indicating a poor-quality diet, while the median for body fat percentage was 31.3 with 90.2% of subjects having normal adiposity. Results from adjusted multiple linear regression showed an association between AHEI-P with pre-pregnancy BMI (adj. β = 0.067; 95% CI = -0.081 – 0.216; p = 0.371), but no association between AHEI-P with body fat percentage. In conclusion, dietary quality is poor and their body fat percentage is mostly normal, with no association found between AHEI-P score and body fat percentage. These findings underline how crucial it is for interventions for healthy eating to be implemented in order to improve postpartum women's dietary quality and thus lower their risk of developing NCDs later in life. However, further study is needed to confirm these results.
Keywords: Dietary quality, Alternating Healthy Eating Index for Pregnancy (AHEI-P), postpartum women, body fat percentage, skinfold thickness, 24-hour recall


Perubahan komposisi tubuh sering digunakan untuk menilai pengaruh pola makan pada tubuh. Pola makan yang tidak sehat secara langsung mempengaruhi kerentanan terhadap obesitas dan dengan demikian, terkena noncommunicable diseases (NCD) nantinya. Namun, masih belum diketahui apakah kualitas diet seperti Alternating Healthy Eating Index for pregnancy (AHEIP) dapat dikaitkan dengan kondisi tersebut pada wanita postpartum. Penelitian ini menyelidiki kualitas diet wanita postpartum di Jakarta dan menganalisis hubungannya dengan persentase lemak tubuh. Studi ini menggunakan data sekunder dari ‘BRAVE’ project oleh HNRC-IMERI FKUI yang melakukan studi cross-sectional pada populasi di Jakarta. Penelitian ini melibatkan 132 wanita yang sedang dalam periode 6 bulan setelah persalinan. Kualitas diet dinilai melalui pengumpulan kuesioner 24-hour food recall dan diikuti oleh kalkulasi skor AHEI-P. Sedangkan persentase lemak tubuh dihitung dengan rumus termodifikasi yang menggunakan hasil pengukuran ketebalan lipatan kulit subscapular, trisep, bisep, serta tinggi tubuh, dan lengkar lingan. Hubungan antara skor AHEI-P dan persentase lemak tubuh kami tentukan dengan melakukan analisis regresi linear berganda yang disesuaikan dengan faktor perancu. Skor AHEI-P dari 78% total subjek adalah