Skripsi

Hubungan Antara Pengetahuan dan Sikap Masyarakat terhadap COVID-19 dengan Swamedikasi Common Cold di Kelurahan Panjunan, Cirebon dan Sekitarnya = The Relationship Between Knowledge and Attitude towards COVID- 19 with Self-Medication of the Common Cold in Kelurahan Panjunan, Cirebon and Surrounding Areas.

Latar Belakang Gejala common cold pada COVID-19 dan penyakit respirasi lain menyerupai satu sama lain sehingga seseorang yang mengalami gejala sering kali tidak melakukan perilaku preventif yang sesuai. Untuk mengatasi gejala tersebut, perilaku kesehatan yang sering diterapkan di masa pandemi COVID-19 adalah swamedikasi (self-medication). Swamedikasi ini dapat dipengaruhi oleh pengetahuan dan sikap karena perilaku kesehatan yang baik umumnya didahului oleh pengetahuan dan sikap yang baik juga. Akan tetapi, belum banyak studi yang meneliti hubungan antara pengetahuan dan sikap terhadap COVID-19 dengan swamedikasi common cold. Metode Penelitian dilakukan secara cross-sectional dengan data primer yang diperoleh melalui kuesioner yang sudah divalidasi oleh penelitian sebelumnya. Kuesioner yang digunakan menilai pengetahuan dan sikap terhadap COVID-19, serta perilaku swamedikasi masyarakat ketika mengalami gejala common cold. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Kelurahan Panjunan, Cirebon, dan sekitarnya sebagai wilayah binaan Pengabdian Masyarakat FKUI. Data dianalisis dengan uji Fisher dan dihitung rasio odds dengan interval kepercayaan 95%. Hasil analisis signifikan apabila p < 0,05. Hasil Dari 94 responden, 86,2% memiliki pengetahuan baik, dan 95,7% memiliki sikap positif terhadap COVID-19. Sebanyak 95,7% responden mempraktikkan swamedikasi common cold. Tidak ditemukan perbedaan yang bermakna antara pengetahuan dan sikap masyarakat mengenai COVID-19 dengan swamedikasi common cold di Kelurahan Panjunan, Cirebon dan sekitarnya. Kesimpulan Pengetahuan dan sikap terhadap COVID-19 di Kelurahan Panjunan, Cirebon dan sekitarnya sudah tergolong baik. Selain itu, swamedikasi untuk gejala common cold merupakan perilaku kesehatan yang sering dilakukan oleh masyarakat di daerah tersebut. Maka dari itu, pengaturan kebijakan dan peningkatan kesadaran masyarakat melalui edukasi mengenai swamedikasi yang tepat perlu menjadi perhatian bagi Pemerintah dan stakeholder kesehatan lainnya.
Kata Kunci: Batuk, coronavirus, kesehatan masyarakat, penggunaan obat, PSP


Introduction Symptoms of the common cold in COVID-19 and other respiratory diseases resemble each other so someone who experiences these symptoms often do not carry out appropriate preventive behavior. In an attempt to alleviate these symptoms, the health behavior that is often practiced in the COVID-19 pandemic is self-medication. This selfmedication behavior can be influenced by knowledge and attitudes because good health behavior is generally preceded by good knowledge and attitudes as well. However, not many studies have examined the relationship between knowledge and attitude towards COVID-19 and self-medication for the common cold. Method The research was done with a cross-sectional design with primary data obtained through questionnaires that had been validated by previous research. The questionnaire used assesses knowledge and attitudes towards COVID-19, as well as people's self-medication behavior when experiencing symptoms of the common cold. The research was done in Kelurahan Panjunan, Cirebon, and surrounding areas as it is one of the areas supported by FKUI. Data were analyzed using Fisher's exact test and odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals were calculated. The results are significant if p value < 0.05. Results Of the 94 respondents, 86,2% had good knowledge, and 95,7% had a positive attitude towards COVID-19. 95,7% of respondents practiced self-medication towards common cold. No significant differences were found between knowledge and attitudes about COVID-19 and self-medication for the common cold in Kelurahan Panjunan, Cirebon and its surrounding areas. Conclusion Knowledge and attitude towards COVID-19 in Kelurahan Panjunan, Cirebon and its surrounding areas are good. Self-medication for the common cold is a health behavior that is often carried out by the community in those areas. Therefore, setting regulations and increasing public awareness through education regarding proper self-medication for the common cold needs to be a concern for the government and other health stakeholders.
Keywords: coronavirus, cough, KAP, medicine use, public health