Skripsi

Efek 6-gingerol terhadap modulasi reseptor insulin dan transporter glukosa di jaringan jantung tikus model sindrom metabolik = Effects of 6-gingerol on modulation of insulin receptors and glucose transporters in heart tissue of metabolic syndrome rat model.

Latar Belakang Sindrom metabolik (metabolic syndrome [MetS]) merupakan masalah kesehatan dunia karena menyebabkan penyakit kardiovaskular aterosklerosis. Salah satu faktor yang berperan dalam perkembangan MetS adalah resistensi insulin. 6-gingerol merupakan antioksidan yang sudah diketahui memperbaiki resistensi insulin pada studi invivo. Meskipun demikian, masih belum jelas bagaimana efek 6-gingerol pada jaringan jantung model MetS. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui efek 6-gingerol terhadap modulasi reseptor insulin dan transporter glukosa pada jaringan tikus MetS. Metode Tikus Sprague Dawley model MetS diinduksi dengan pemberian diet tinggi lemak, tinggi fruktosa, dan injeksi streptozotosin. Tikus terbagi menjadi kelompok Normal, MetS, dan kelompok MetS yang diberi 6-gingerol dosis 50, 100, dan 200 mg/kg/hari selama 8 minggu. Sampel jantung diambil dari tikus yang sudah dietuasiana. Untuk mengetahui efek modulasi reseptor insulin dan transporter glukosa, pengujian dengan metode ELISA digunakan untuk mendeteksi kadar ekspresi protein IRS-1 dan GLUT4. Hasil Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat peningkatan kadar ekspresi protein IRS-1 pada pemberian 6-gingerol dosis 50 mg/kg (p < 0.001), 100 mg/kg (p = 0.003), dan 200 mg/kg (p < 0.001) dibandingkan dengan kelompok MetS. Sementara itu, hasil yang sama ditunjukkan pada pemberian 6-gingerol 50 mg/kg (p = 0.037) dan 100 mg/kg (p = 0.028). Dari hasil tersebut, tidak ditemukan adanya dose-dependent pada dosis 6- gingerol. Kesimpulan 6-gingerol dapat memperbaiki jalur persinyalan insulin dengan cara meningkatkan ekspresi protein IRS-1 dan GLUT4 pada jaringan jantung tikus MetS. Penelitian lanjutan dengan durasi yang lebih lama dan pemeriksaan gen dan jalur interseluler lain untuk mengetahui efek 6-gingerol terhadap persinyalan insulin lebih jauh lagi.
Kata Kunci: 6-gingerol, sindrom metabolik, resistensi insulin, IRS-1, GLUT4


Introduction Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a world health problem because it causes atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. One factor that plays a role in the development of MetS is insulin resistance. 6-gingerol is an antioxidant that has been known to improve insulin resistance in various in vivo studies. However, it is still unclear what effect 6-gingerol has on the heart tissue of the MetS model. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of 6-gingerol on modulating insulin receptors and glucose transporters in MetS rat tissue. Method The Sprague Dawley rat model of MetS was induced by giving a high-fat, high-fructose diet and injection of streptozotocin. Rats were divided into Normal, MetS, and MetS groups which were given 6-gingerol doses of 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg/day for 8 weeks. Heart tissue samples were taken from rats that had been treated. To determine the effect of modulating the insulin receptor and glucose transporter, testing using the ELISA method was used to detect IRS-1 and GLUT4 protein expression levels. Results The results showed that there was an increase in IRS-1 protein expression levels on 6- gingerol administration group at a dose of 50 mg/kg (p < 0.001), 100 mg/kg (p = 0.003), and 200 mg/kg (p < 0.001) compared to the MetS group. Meanwhile, the same results were shown when administering 6-gingerol 50 mg/kg (p = 0.037) and 100 mg/kg (p = 0.028). From these results, there was no dose-dependence found on the dose of 6- gingerol. Conclusion 6-gingerol can improve the insulin signaling pathway by increasing the expression of IRS-1 and GLUT4 proteins in the heart tissue of MetS rats model. Further research with a longer duration and examination of genes and other intercellular pathways to find out more the effect of 6-gingerol on insulin signaling.
Keywords: 6-gingerol, metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance, IRS-1, GLUT4