Tesis

Efektivitas dan Keamanan Kombinasi Platelet-rich Plasma dan Minoksidil 5% Topikal Dibandingkan dengan Minoksidil 5% Topikal pada Alopesia Androgenetik Laki-laki = Effectiveness and Safety of the Combination of Platelet-rich Plasma and Topical 5% Minoxidil Compared to Topical 5% Minoxidil in Male Androgenetic Alopecia.

Latar belakang: Alopesia androgenetik (AAG) pada laki-laki ditandai dengan kemunduran garis rambut akibat miniaturisasi folikel dan pemanjangan fase anagen. Meskipun bukan merupakan suatu kelainan yang mengancam jiwa, AAG dapat menimbulkan stres emosional dan berdampak terhadap kualitas hidup. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) merupakan konsentrat platelet yang mengandung faktor pertumbuhan, molekul adhesi, dan kemokin. Beberapa studi PRP pada AAG dilaporkan meningkatkan pertumbuhan rambut, tetapi hasil yang dilaporkan masih beragam serta belum terdapat protokol yang terstandardisasi. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan uji klinis acak terkontrol yang dilakukan pada lakilaki berusia 18-50 tahun yang terdiagnosis AAG derajat III-VI di Poliklinik Dermatologi Kosmetik RSUPN dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo. Penilaian densitas, diameter, persentase rambut terminal dan velus dilakukan setiap 4 minggu selama 3 bulan dengan menggunakan phototrichogram. Pada minggu ke-0, 4, dan 8, kelompok perlakuan mendapatkan injeksi PRP intradermal. Semua subjek mendapatkan terapi standar minoksidil 5% topikal. Subjek diminta melaporkan efek samping pada setiap kunjungan. Hasil: Sebanyak 36 SP dengan median usia 34 tahun mengikuti penelitian. Terdapat peningkatan rerata densitas rambut pada minggu ke-12 yang berbeda bermakna secara statistik antara kelompok perlakuan dibandingkan dengan kontrol (p-value 0,001). Tidak terdapat perbedaan selisih rerata diameter rambut yang bermakna antara kedua kelompok. Tidak terdapat efek samping yang berbeda bermakna antar kedua kelompok. Kesimpulan: Kombinasi injeksi PRP dengan minoksidil 5% topikal efektif dalam meningkatkan densitas rambut dengan efek samping minimal. Platelet-rich plasma dapat diberikan sebagai terapi ajuvan pada AAG.
Kata kunci: alopesia androgenetik, platelet-rich plasma, minoksidil topikal


Introduction: Male androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is characterized by hairline recession due to follicle miniaturization and elongation of the anagen phase. Although not a lifethreatening condition, AGA can lead to emotional stress and impact quality of life. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is a platelet concentrate containing growth factors, adhesion molecules, and chemokines. Numerous studies on PRP in AGA have reported enhancements in hair regrowth. However, these reported outcomes exhibit considerable variability, and there is a notable absence of standardized protocols. Methods: This study was a randomized controlled clinical trial conducted on male participants aged between 18 and 50 years old who had been diagnosed with grade III-VI AGA. The trial took place at the Cosmetic Dermatology Clinic of dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National Hospital. Hair density, diameter, terminal and vellus hair rate was assessed every 4 weeks for three months using phototrichogram. During the first, fourth, and eighth week, the treatment group received intradermal PRP injections. All subjects received topical 5% minoxidil as standard treatment. Side effects were documented during each visit. Results: Thirty-six study participants were recruited in this research, with a median age of 34 years old. There was a statistically significant increase in the mean hair density change at week 12 in the treatment group compared to the control group (p-value 0,001). There was no significant difference in the mean hair diameter change between the two groups. There were no differences in side effects between the two groups. Conclusion: The combination of PRP injections with topical 5% minoxidil is efficacious in enhancing hair density with minimal side effects. Platelet-rich plasma can be administered as an adjuvant therapy for androgenetic alopecia.
Keywords: androgenetic alopecia, platelet-rich plasma, topical minoxidil