Tesis

Metode Audiovisual Dibandingkan Penjelasan Verbal Sebagai Medium Edukasi untuk Menurunkan Tingkat Kecemasan Pasien yang akan Menjalani Anestesia Spinal = Audiovisual Method Compared to Verbal Explanation as an Educational Medium to Reduce the Anxiety Level of Patients Undergo Spinal Anesthesia.

Latar belakang: Kecemasan prabedah dapat timbul akibat dari aspek pembedahan maupun aspek anestesi. Pencegahan kecemasan prabedah dengan pendekatan non farmakologis misalnya edukasi, dapat mengurangi efek samping dari penggunaan obat-obatan pada intervensi farmakologis. Penelitian ini membandingkan metode audiovisual dan penjelasan secara verbal sebagai medium edukasi untuk menurunkan kecemasan pasien yang akan menjalani operasi dengan anestesia spinal. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan uji klinis acak tersamar tunggal yang mengikutsertakan 74 pasien dewasa di Poli Perioperatif RSCM. Sampel dibagi 2 kelompok dengan metode acak, 37 sampel di tiap kelompok audiovisual dan kelompok verbal. Penilaian kecemasan dilakukan sebelum dan sesudah edukasi dengan menggunakan kuesioner Amsterdam Preoperative Anxiety and Information Scale (APAIS). Hasil: Sebanyak 74 subjek penelitian yang masuk dalam kriteria inklusi dibagi dalam dua kelompok, kelompok audiovisual dan kelompok penjelasan verbal. Tingkat kecemasan seluruh pasien sebelum edukasi 11 (4–20). Tingkat kecemasan pascaedukasi di kelompok verbal adalah 8 (4–18), dikelompok audiovisual 8 (4– 18). Perubahan tingkat kecemasan pascaedukasi berbeda bermakna pada kelompok audiovisual dibandingkan kelompok verbal, (2 (-3 – 14) vs 1 (-3 – 8); p=0,046). Simpulan: Metode audiovisual dengan videoedukasi sebagai medium edukasi lebih baik dalam menurunkan tingkat kecemasan pasien yang akan menjalani anestesia spinal dibandingkan penjelasan verbal
Kata kunci: anestesia spinal, edukasi prabedah, metode audiovisual, penjelasan verbal


Background: Preoperative anxiety commonly present in patients prior to anesthesia and surgical interventions. Non-pharmacological approaches, such as education has been used to alleviate preoperative anxiety as well as reducing the need for pharmacological interventions. One form of preoperative education is through audiovisual method. This study aims to compare the preoperative education method using audiovisual vs standard verbal explanations in reducing preoperative anxiety in patients scheduling for surgery in spinal anesthesia. Methods: This research is a single-blind randomized clinical trial that included 74 adult patients at the Anesthesia Perioperative Clinic of RSCM. Subjects were randomly divided into two groups: the audiovisual group (n=37) and the verbal explanation group (n=37). Preoperative anxiety was assesed before and after preoperative education using the Amsterdam Preoperative Anxiety and Information Scale (APAIS) questionnaire. Results: A total of 74 subjects were included in this study. Subjects were randomly allocated into two groups: the audiovisual group (n=37) and the verbal explanation group (n=37). The median for the level of anxiety for all patients before education was 11 (4–20). The median for post-education anxiety level in the verbal group was 8 (4–18), vs 8 (4–18) in the audiovisual group. The change in anxiety levels after education was significantly different in the audiovisual group compared to the verbal group (2 (-3 – 14) vs 1 (-3 – 8); p=0.046). Conclusion: Preoperative education using audiovisual method through video is more effective in reducing anxiety level of patients undergoing spinal anesthesia compared to verbal explanations.
Keywords: spinal anesthesia, preoperative education, audiovisual method, verbal explanation.