Text

Effect of Pandemic on Disease Characteristics in Patients Receiving Inpatient Geriatric Rehabilitation in Rumah Sakit Cipto Mangunkusumo.

Introduction: Elderly people are in more need of healthcare as their bodies naturally deteriorate. This group of people are especially vulnerable in the midst of COVID-19 pandemic, being affected both directly through infection or indirectly through the restrictions, adaptiation, and consequences of a global pandemic. This research aims to evaluate the effects of COVID-19 pandemic on the geriatric population in Jakarta through evaluation of changes in patient characteristics and disease variation of patients hospitalized in RSCM’s non-COVID geriatric inpatient ward. Methods: Secondary data of patients that was hospitalized in RSCM’s geriatric inpatient ward between May 2019-December 2020 was collected from EHR and analysed using IBM SPSS Statistics 27.0. Results: There were less patients admitted into RSCM’s geriatric inpatient ward in COVID than there was pre-COVID. Changes of patients’ age group and gender is not statistically significant. There is statistical significance in the changes of both medical and functional diagnosis group proportions. The most notable shifts within medical diagnosis group are the increase ofincidence of non-COVID respiratory infections (9.6% to 12.64%), encephalopathy cases (2.7% to 6.7%), and gastrointestinal bleeding (5.7% to 7.1%), and decrease in cardiovascular diseases incidence (20.5% to 13.8%). Within functional diagnosis group, there is increase in mobility disorders and emergence of visual and urinary system related disabilities. Conclusion: COVID-19 pandemic does not cause significant change in patients’ characteristics (gender and age group), but significantly causes a shift in the variation of diseases recorded as the main reason for patients’ admission into the inpatient ward.
Key words: COVID-19, pandemic, geriatric patients, inpatient, age group, gender, medical diagnosis, functional diagnosis



Pendahuluan: Lansia memerlukan lebih banyak layanan kesehatan untuk merawat kondisi tubuh yang secara natural memburuk. Lansia adalah grup yang sangat rentan di tengah pandemic COVID-19 karena dampak langsung (infeksi virus COVID-19) dan/atau tidak langsung seperti restriksi, adaptasi, dan konsekuensi pandemic skala global. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi efek pandemic COVID-19 terhadap populasi lansia di Jakarta melalui evaluasi perubahan karakteristik pasien dan variasi penyakit yang terlihat di bangsal rawat inap geriatric non-COVID RSCM. Metode: Koleksi dan analisis data sekunder pasien yang rawat inap di bangsal rawat inap geriatri RSCM pada Mei-2019-Desember 2020. Analysis menggunakan IBM SPSS Statistics 27.0. Hasil Penelitian: Terdapat lebih sedikit pasien rawat inap geriatri saat COVID dibandingkan pre-COVID. Perubahan kelompok umur dan gender pasien tidak signifikan. Terdapat perubahan proporsi grup diagnosis medis dan funsional yang signifikan secara statistic. Perubahan proporsi diagnosis medis yang signifikan adalah kenaikan insiden infeksi respirasi non-COVID (9.6% menjadi 12.6%), ensefalopati (2.7% menjadi 6.7), dan pendarahan gastrointestinal (5.7% menjadi 7.1%), dan penurunan insiden penyakit kardiovaskuler (20.5% menjadi 13.8%). Pada diagnosis fungsional, terdapat kenaikan kelainan mobilitas dan munculnya kelainan visual dan system saluran kemih. Kesimpulan: Pandemi COVID-19 tidak berdampak terhadap karakteristik pasien (gender dan kelompok umur), namun secara signifikan menyebabkan perubahan varisi penyakit yang terekam sebagai alasan utama hospitalisasi pasien ke bangsal rawat inap.
Kata Kunci: COVID-19, pandemic, pasien geriatri, rawat inap, kelompok umur, gender, diagnosis medis, diagnosis fungsional