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Hubungan antara CT Value pada pengambilan spesimen anal swab RT-PCR COVID-19 dengan tingkat gejala gastrointestinal COVID-19 di Indonesia = Association between CT Value Obtained from Anal Swab RT-PCR for COVID-19 with Manifestation of COVID- 19 Related Gastrointestinal Symptoms.

Latar belakang: Pandemi COVID-19 telah menginfeksi lebih dari enam juta orang serta menyebabkan berbagai gejala serta memiliki tingkat mortalitas sebesar 3.3%. Gejala yang disebabkan bervariasi mulai dari gejala sistim pernapasan hingga gejala gastrointestinal seperti mual, muntah, diare dan konstipasi. Uji baku emas COVID-19 adalah RT-PCR menggunakan pengambilan swab nasofaring. Namun, beberapa studi menunjukkan pengambilan swab nasofaring memiliki kelemahan dalam deteksi pada pasien tidak bergejala dan memiliki spesifitas rendah pada pasien dengan gejala gastrointestinal, serta cenderung memberikan hasil negatif palsu dikarenakan viral load yang lebih rendah dibandingkan swab anal Salah satu variable dalam pengujian RT-PCR adalah CT Value. Variabel ini dapat meningkatkan spesifitas dalam pemeriksaan RT-PCR. Namun, belum ada penelitian yang menghubungkan antara CT Value pasien dengan pengambilan sampel swab anal dengan Gejala gastrointestinal pasien tersebut. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain potong lintang analitik Data yang diperoleh dan diolah merupakan data sekunder yang berisikan data diri, pekerjaan, serta hasil CT Value yang dikumpulkan sebelumnya. Analisis yang dilakukan mengenai hubungan gejala gastrointestinal dan tingkat CT Value pada swab anal. Hasil: Sebaran tingkat CT Value responden berdasarkan cut off > 25 merupakan CT Value tinggi dan < 25 merupakan CT Value rendah. Dari 37 subjek didapatkan 1 orang (2.7%) memiliki CT Value rendah dan 36 pasien memiliki CT Value tinggi. Tidak terdapat hubungan signifikan antara CT Value pada pemeriksaan swab anal dengan gejala gastrointestinal pada pasien COVID-19Sebaran gejala gastrointestinal pada pasien didapatkan Mual sebesar (54.1%), Muntah (18.9%), Nyeri perut (16.2%) dan Diare (13.5%). Hubungan antara CT Value pada pengambilan swab anal dengan gejala gastrointestinal pada pasien COVID-19 menunjukkan tidak memiliki hubungan signifikan( P > 0.05).Kesimpulan: Korelasi antara CT Value pada pengambilan swab anal dengan gejala gastrointestinal pada pasien COVID-19 tidak menunjukkan hubungan signifikan (P > 0.05)
Kata kunci: Swab Anal, Gejala gastrointestinal, COVID-19



Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has infected more than six million people and causes various symptoms and has a mortality rate of 3.3%. The symptoms caused vary from respiratory symptoms to gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and constipation. The gold standard test for COVID-19 is RT-PCR using nasopharyngeal swab collection. However, several studies have shown that taking nasopharyngeal swabs has weaknesses in detection in asymptomatic patients and has low specificity in patients with gastrointestinal symptoms, and tends to give false negative results due to lower viral loads than anal swabs. Patients with gastrointestinal symptoms were better able to detect specificity using anal swab sampling. One of the variables in RT-PCR testing is CT Value. This variable can increase the specificity of the RT-PCR assay. However, there has been no study linking the CT Value of patients with anal swab sampling with gastrointestinal symptoms of these patients. Methods: This study used an analytical research design, particularly a cross-sectional study. The data obtained and processed is secondary data which contains personal data, work, and CT Value results that were previously collected. The analysis was conducted regarding the relationship between gastrointestinal symptoms and the level of CT Value on anal swabs. Result: The distribution of respondents' CT Value levels based on cut off > 25 is a high CT Value and < 25 is a low CT Value. From 37 subjects, 1 person (2.7%) had a low CT Value and 36 patients had a high CT Value. The distribution of the subject's symptoms found 15 patients (40.5%) had no gastrointestinal symptoms and as many as 22 patients (59.5%) had gastrointestinal symptoms. The distribution of gastrointestinal symptoms in patients was found to be Nausea (54.1%), Vomiting (18.9%), Abdominal pain (16.2%) and Diarrhea (13.5%). The relationship between CT Value in anal swab taking and gastrointestinal symptoms in COVID- 19 patients showed no relationship (P > 0.05). Conclusion: The correlation between CT Value in anal swab taking and gastrointestinal symptoms in COVID-19 patients did not show a significant relationship (P > 0.05)
Keywords: Anal Swab, Gastrointestinal symptoms, COVID-19.