Skripsi

Ekspresi Siklin D1 pada Jaringan Kanker Payudara Bagian Dalam Tikus yang Diinduksi DMBA akibat Pemberian Ekstrak Kedelai Kaya Lunasin = Effect of Lunasin-Rich Soybean Extract on the Expression of Cyclin D1 Protein in DBMA-Induced Rat Deep Breast Cancer Tissue.

Latar belakang: Kanker payudara merupakan penyebab kematian kedua dari seluruh kanker di Indonesia. Perkembangan kanker payudara dipengaruhi beberapa protein yang terlibat dalam siklus sel, salah satunya siklin D1. Protein ini mengontrol proliferasi kanker payudara. Salah satu terapi yang digunakan saat ini, tamoksifen, menimbulkan berbagai efek samping dan resistensi. Telah banyak diteliti potensi antikanker pada tumbuhtumbuhan, termasuk pada kedelai. Efek antikanker pada kedelai salah satunya dihasilkan dari kandungan lunasin di dalamnya. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan penelitian mengenai efek pemberian ekstrak kedelai kaya lunasin terhadap ekspresi protein siklin D1. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian in vivo menggunakan tikus Sprague-Dawley (SD) yang diberikan lima perlakuan yaitu kelompok normal, kontrol negatif, kontrol positif (pemberian tamoksifen dosis 10 mg/kg BB), adjuvan, dan lunasin kuratif (pemberian lunasin dosis 500 mg/kgBB). Jaringan payudara bagian dalam kemudian diambil dan diwarnai imunohistokimia untuk melihat ekspresi protein siklin D1. Penilaian ekspresi protein siklin D1 dilakukan dengan menghitung H-score dengan bantuan aplikasi ImageJ dan IHC Profiler. Hasil: Ekspresi protein siklin D1 ditunjukkan dengan sitoplasma berwarna coklat pada pewarnaan imunohistokimia. Nilai H-score tertinggi secara berurutan ditunjukkan oleh kelompok kontrol negative (165,7), kontrol positif (136,5), lunasin kuratif (136,1), adjuvan (129), dan kelompok normal (123,4). Setelah dilakukan uji SPSS, ditemukan perbedaan signifikan pada kelima kelompok uji (p=0,00). Kelompok pemberian lunasin lebih rendah secara signifikan dibandingkan kelompok negatif (p=0,01). Kesimpulan: Pemberian ekstrak kedelai kaya lunasin dengan dosis 500 mg/kg BB mampu menurunkan ekspresi protein siklin D1 pada sel kanker payudara tikus yang diinduksi DMBA.
Kata kunci: Kanker payudara, lunasin, kedelai, siklin D1



Introduction: Breast cancer is the most diagnosed cancer and the second leading cause of death from all cancers in Indonesia. The development of breast cancer is influenced by several proteins involved in the cell cycle, one of which is cyclin D1. This protein controls the cell cycle associated with breast cancer proliferation. Existing cancer treatments are still expensive, have low specificity, high cancer resistance rates, and cause severe side effects. There have been many studies on the anticancer potential of plants, one of which is soybeans. One of the anticancer effects of soybeans is due to the lunasin content in it. Therefore, research is needed on the effect of administration of lunasin-rich soybean extract on cyclin D1 protein expression. Method: This study is an in vivo study using Sprague-Dawley (SD) rat that were divided into five test groups. Those five test groups consist of normal group, negative group group, positive control group (tamoxifen at a dose of 10 mg/kg BW), the lunasin group (lunasin at a dose of 500 mg/kgBW), and the group given a combination of tamoxifen with lunasin (adjuvant). Deep breast cancer tissue was taken and stained with immunohistochemistry to detect cyclin D1 . The expression of cyclin D1 was assessed by H-score using the application Image J with IHC Profiler plugin. Result: The expression of cyclin D1 protein was indicated by brown cytoplasm on immunohistochemistry staining. The highest H-score values were respectively shown by the negative control group (165.7), positive control (136.5), curative lunasin (136.1 ), adjuvant (129), and normal group (123.4). After performing the SPSS test, significant differences were found in the five test groups (p=0.00). The group giving lunasin was significantly lower than the negative group (p=0.01). Conclusion: Lunasin-rich soybean extract at a dose of 500 mg/kg BW was able to inhibit the expression of cyclin D1 protein in DMBA-induced rat breast cancer.
Keywords: Breast cancer, lunasin, soybean, cyclin D1