Tesis

Kombinasi cold water immersion & terapi musik pada pemulihan untuk meningkatkan performa skor menembak atlet air pistol 10 meter = Combination of cold water immersion & musical therapy in recovery phase for increasing 10 meters air pistol shooting performance.

Latar belakang: Skor olahraga menembak dipengaruhi faktor dari karakter atlet, kondisi lingkungan, kondisi fisik atlet, kondisi mental atlet, ketrampilan menembak, emosi atlet, dan taktik. Dari ketujuh faktor tersebut, faktor fisik dan mental dapat berubah-ubah tergantung kondisi kelelahan dan pemulihan atlet. Cold water immersion (CWI) & terapi musik adalah dua metode yang digunakan secara empiris pada fase pemulihan untuk menurunkan kelelahan perifer dan sentral pada atlet, namun keduanya belum pernah diujikan pada atlet menembak. Tujuan: Penelitian ini menguji pengaruh kombinasi CWI dan terapi musik saat pemulihan (recovery) sebagai salah satu cara dalam mempercepat fase pemulihan dan meningkatkan performa skor menembak atlet air pistol 10 meter. Metode: Desain penelitian menggunakan uji silang, acak, tidak tersamar (crossover trial). Total 14 orang atlet air pistol 10 meter pelatnas menembak yang masuk kriteria inklusi dibagi ke dalam 2 kelompok menggunakan proses randomisasi komputer, keduanya adalah kelompok intervensi cold water immersion + terapi musik (CWIM) dan kelompok kontrol (pemulihan pasif). Subjek melakukan pemeriksaan data dasar di hari H-7. Pada hari H subjek melakukan prosedur latihan sirkuit, prosedur pemulihan, simulasi menembak babak penyisihan 60 tembakan, pemantauan frekuensi denyut jantung (HR), skala kelelahan RPE, skala feeling scale (FS) dan felt arrousal scale (FAS). Di hari H+1 subjek hanya melakukan simulasi menembak babak penyisihan 60 tembakan, pemantauan frekuensi denyut jantung, skala kelelahan RPE, FS, dan FAS. Satu minggu berselang dari hari H dilakukan prosedur serupa dengan kelompok yang sebaliknya. Hasil: Pada kelompok CWIM didapatkan HR lebih rendah pascapemulihan, RPE lebih rendah pascapemulihan dan pascamenembak, FAS lebih tinggi pascapemulihan. Tidak terdapat perbedaan skor menembak antarkelompok. Variabel skor data dasar berkorelasi positif terhadap lama menekuni dan kekuatan genggam, tetapi berkorelasi negatif terhadap frekuensi latihan fisik/minggu dan durasi latihan fisik/minggu. Skor hari H dan hari H+1 berkorelasi positif dengan FS pascamenembak. Kesimpulan: CWIM dapat digunakan dalam pemulihan jangka pendek untuk menurunkan frekuensi denyut jantung dan skala kelelahan RPE, meningkatkan skala semangat/gugahan FAS, namun tidak berefek pada skor menembak.
kata kunci: pemulihan, cold water immersion, terapi musik, skor menembak, air pistol 10 meter



Background: Shooting performance is affected by athlete character, environmental condition, physical and mental condition, shooting skill/technic, athlete's emotion and tactical. From these factors, physical and mental condition can be varied due to fatique and recovery process. Cold water immersion & musical therapy are two methods that empirically used in recovery phase for decreasing athlete's central and peripheral fatique. Unfortunately, these two methods haven't studied and applied in shooting sports. Aim: This research try to combine both cold water immersion and musical therapy in recovery phase for improving recovery process and shooting performance. Methods: Study design was non-blinded crossover trial. Total 14 persons 10 meters air pistol athletes that matched inclusion criteria were randomized in two groups with computer randomization process. Both groups were cold water immersion + musical therapy (CWIM) and control group (passive recovery). Subjects did baseline examination on D- 7. On the day, subjects did circuit training, recovery procedures, 10 meters electronic scoring system (60 shots), heart rate (HR) monitoring, fatique discomfort scale monitoring (RPE), feeling scale monitoring (FS), felt arrousal scale monitoring (FAS). On D+1 subjects did 10 meters electronic scoring system, HR, FS, and RPE monitoring. One week after the day procedure, there is crossover process with the same procedures. Results: CWIM group had lower HR after recovery; lower RPE after recovery and scoring, higher FAS after recovery. There was no significant differences in shooting score from both groups. Baseline shooting score was positively correlated with participation time in shooting and handgrip strength, but negatively correlated with physical exercise frequency/week and physical exercise duration/week. Shooting score on the day and D+1 were positively correlated with FS after scoring. Conclusion: CWIMcan be used in short term recovery process for reducing heart rate and RPE scale, increasing FAS scale, but there is no effect in shooting score.
key words: recovery, cold water immersion, musical therapy, shooting score, 10 meters air pistol