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Efek Ekstrak Etanol Buah Sesoot (Garcinia picrorrhiza Miq.) Terkarakterisasi serta Kombinasinya dengan Doksorubisin terhadap Induksi Apoptosis dan Ekspresi Protein Caspase 3 Sel Kanker Payudara MCF-7 dan T47D. = The Effect of the Characterized Ethanolic Extract of the Fruit of Sesoot (Garcinia picrorrhiza Miq.) and its Combination with Doxorubicin in the Apoptotic Induction and the Expression of Caspase 3 Protein of the Breast Cancer Cells of MCF-7 and T47D.

Sesoot (G. picrorrhiza Miq.) merupakan sumber daya hayati yang memiliki potensi sitotoksik terhadap sel kanker payudara. Potensi ini memberikan peluang untuk penatalaksanaan kanker payudara melalui permodelan doksorubisin dan kombinasinya dengan sampel herbal. Penelitian ini untuk membuktikan potensi antikanker payudara terhadap sel MCF-7 dan T47D dari daging buah dan kulit buah sesoot (G. picrorrhiza Miq.) yang selanjutnya disebut buah. Telah dilakukan karakterisasi sampel secara kimia dan biomolekuler sehingga menghasilkan sampel terkarakterisasi, GpKar. Sitotoksisitasnya ditentukan dengan metode MTT (3-[4,5- dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) Assay, lalu dilakukan uji kombinasi dengan doksorubisin untuk mendapatkan Combination Index (CI). Pengamatan induksi apoptosis dilakukan dengan metode Double Staining dan ekspresi protein Caspase 3 dengan metode Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). GpKar memiliki LC50 terhadap larva Artemia salina Leach sebesar 21,110 µg/mL (paling kecil di antara 15 sampel lainnya). Pada uji terhadap sel Vero dengan konsentrasi 250 µg/mL hanya mematikan 11,844 %, tetapi mematikan sel T47D 50,825 % dan MCF-7 31,743 %. Kombinasinya dengan doksorubisin menghasilkan efek sinergis dalam mematikan sel MCF-7 pada konsentrasi 0,200 µg/mL doksorubisin dan konsentrasi GpKar maksimal 125,238 µg/mL (1/4 IC50) juga terhadap sel T47D pada konsentrasi 0,200 µg/mL doksorubisin dan konsentrasi GpKar maksimal 61,799 µg/mL (1/4 IC50). GpKar mempengaruhi induksi apoptosis pada konsetrasi 500,951 µg/mL (1 IC50) dengan menghasilkan persentasi kematian sel MCF-7 paling tinggi yaitu 99 % dan terhadap Sel T47D sebesar 91 %, pada konsentrasi 61,799 µg/mL (1/4 IC50) sedangkan terhadap sel Vero dapat menghasilkan persentase kematian paling rendah yaitu 2,100 % pada konsentrasi 132,943 µg/mL (1/4 IC50). Kombinasinya dengan doksorubisin menghasilkan persentase kematian yang lebih rendah akibat induksi apoptosis. GpKar dan kombinasinya dengan doksorubisin mampu meningkatan konsentrasi protein Caspase 3.
Kata Kunci: Cytotoxicity, Combination Index, Apoptotic induction, Caspase 3 protein, Doxorubicin, Sesoot, Garcinia picrorrhiza, MCF-7 cell line, T47D cell line, Vero cell.



Sesoot (G. picrorrhiza Miq.) is a medicinal plant which has cytotoxic activity against breast cancer cells. This potency provides the opportunity for treatment of breast cancer through doxorubicin modelling and its combination with herb. This study was done to prove the anti-breast cancer potency of the fruit and the hull of sesoot (G. picrorrhiza Miq.) hereinafter referred to as the fruit against MCf-7 cell and T47D cell. Chemical and Biomolecular Characterizations were done to obtain the characterized sample of GpKar. The cytotoxicity effect was determined using the method of MTT (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) Assay, and the combination test with doxorubicin resulting the Combination Index (CI). The apoptotic induction was observed using Double Staining Method and the Caspase 3 protein expression was observed using the method of Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). The LC50 of GpKar against the larvae of the Artemia salina Leach was 21.110 µg/mL (the least among 15 samples). The Gpkar concentration of 250 µg/mL was the least toxic in term of mortality against Vero cell (11.844 %), but toxic in term of mortality against T47D cell (50.825 %) and MCF-7 cell (31.743 %). The combination with doxorubicin resulted in the synergystic effect against MCF-7 cell (0.200 µg/mL doksorubicin with the maximum GpKar concentration of 125.238 µg/mL (1/4 IC50)) and also against T47D cell (0.200 µg/mL doxorubicin with the maximum GpKar concentration of 61.799 µg/mL (1/4 IC50)). GpKar induced the apoptosis at the concentration of 500.951 µg/mL (1 IC50) resulting the mortality percentage of the MCF-7 cell up to 99 % and up to 91 % against T47D cell at the concentration of 61.799 µg/mL (1/4 IC50) of GpKar, whereas the concentration of 132.943 µg/mL (1/4 IC50) of GpKar resulted in the lowest mortality percentage against Vero cell which was 2.100 %. The combination of GpKar with doxorubicin resulted in the lower mortality percentage as the consequence of apoptotic induction. GpKar and its combination with doxorubicin increased the concentration of the Caspase 3 protein.
Keywords: Cytotoxicity, Combination Index, Apoptotic induction, Caspase 3 protein, Doxorubicin, Garcinia picrorrhiza, MCF-7 cell line, T47D cell line, Vero cell.