Tesis

Hubungan Derajat Klinis dengan Luaran Klinis Pasien Pneumonia COVID-19 di RSUP Persahabatan.

Latar Belakang: The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) merupakan infeksi oleh severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2) yang menjadi perhatian internasional pada Januari 2020. Manifestasi kasus ringan terjadi sekitar 81%, kasus berat sebanyak 14%. Mortalitas akibat pneumonia COVID-19 meningkat secara global akibat transmisi cepat dan gejala awal yang atipikal. Usia ≥ 60 tahun, jenis kelamin laki-laki dan komorbiditas merupakan faktor risiko untuk menjadi berat dan kematian sehingga dibutuhkan kontrol ketat pada pasien berisiko. Metode Penelitian: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian retrospektif dengan studi potong lintang. Sampel penelitian merupakan pasien yang datang ke IGD dan terkonfirmasi pneumonia COVID-19 yang masuk dalam kriteria inklusi. Sampel pada penelitian ini adalah sebanyak 299 pasien. Hasil Penelitian: Pada penelitian ini didapatkan subjek penelitian adalah 299 dari 336 pasien yang masuk dalam kriteria inklusi. Jenis kelamin laki-laki sebanyak 162 orang (54,18%), nilai IMT obesitas I (29,77%) dan diikuti IMT normal (28,76%), paling banyak tidak memiliki komorbid dengan derajat pneumonia berat (60,2%) dan luaran pasien sebanyak 69,2% adalah hidup. Komorbid terbanyak yaitu hipertensi (30,77%), Diabetes mellitus (24%) dan kardiovaskular (14%). Usia median hidup pasien pneumonia COVID-19 di RS Persahabatan adalah 52 th (20-84) dan median usia meninggal adalah 59 th (28-92) dengan nilai p 0.003 dan < 0,001. Terdapat hubungan bermakna antara derajat klinis (p 0,000), hipertensi (p 0,02), obesitas (p 0,023) dan DM (p 0,025) terhadap luaran pasien pneumonia COVID-19 di RS Persahabatan. Kesimpulan: Usia median hidup pasien pneumonia COVID-19 di RS Persahabatan adalah 52 th (20-84) dan median usia meninggal adalah 59 th (2892). Terdapat hubungan bermakna antara derajat klinis, HT, IMT dan DM terhadap luaran pasien pneumonia COVID-19 di RS Persahabatan.
Kata Kunci: COVID-19, derajat klinis, komorbid, mortalitas


Background: The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infection caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-COV-2) which became international attention in January 2020 and gained a pandemic status since March 2020. The manifestation of mild cases occurred in about 81% and severe cases occurred in as much as 14%. The mortality of COVID-19 increasing globally due to rapid transmission and atypical symptoms. Age of more than 60 years, male, and comorbidities are risk factors for severe and death in COVID-19, requiring specific attention to individuals possessing these risks. Methods: This study was a retrospective cross-sectional study, which samples were patients who came to emergency room and confirmed for COVID-19 in Persahabatan Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia between March and June 2020. Results: The sample of this study were 299 patients, out of 336 patients, who met the study’s criteria. Common characteristics were males (54.18%), obesity class I (29.77%), without comorbidities present along with severe pneumonia (60.2%), and survived during the treatment course (69.2%). Hypertension (30.77%) was the most common comorbidity, followed by diabetes mellitus (24%), and cardiovascular disease (14%). The median age of survivors was 52 (20-84) years old and of non-survivors was 59 (28-92) years old (p=0.000). There was a correlation between the severity of pneumonia (p=0.000), hypertension (p=0.020), obesity (p=0.023) and diabetes (p=0.025) with the outcome. Sex, number of comorbidities, and body mass index were not correlated with the outcome. Conclusion: This study found that the median age of non-survivors was older than the survivors. There was a correlation between the severity of pneumonia, obesity, diabetes, and hypertension with the outcome.
Keywords: COVID-19, severity, comorbidity, mortality