Tesis

Pengaruh Pemberian Alat Bantu Lihat Terhadap Kualitas Hidup dan Hubungannya Dengan Mekanisme Koping Penyandang Low Vision: Studi Pilot Di Rumah Sakit Cipto Mangunkusumo Dan Yayasan Layak Jakarta = Change in quality of life and coping mechanism after low vision aid utilization: Pilot study in Kirana Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital and yayasan LAYAK Jakarta.

Latar Belakang: Kondisi low vision dapat menyebabkan penurunan kualitas hidup dan memunculkan mekanisme koping tertentu yang mempengaruhi proses adaptasi seseorang. Layanan rehabilitasi low vision ditujukan untuk memperbaikinya, salah satunya dengan pemberian alat bantu lihat (ABL). Keterkaitan pemberian ABL, kualitas hidup dan mekanisme coping perlu dieksplorasi untuk evaluasi layanan rehabilitasi low vision. Tujuan: Mengetahui perubahan fungsi visual, kualitas hidup dan hubungannya dengan mekanisme koping penyandang low vision setelah diberikan ABL selama 2 bulan. Metode: Penelitian ini adalah kuasi eksperimental (one group pre-post study) ini menggunakan kuesioner NEI-VFQ 25 dan COPE sebagai alat ukur kualitas hidup dan mekanisme coping penyandang low vision. Hasil: Dari 18 subjek penelitian dengan low vision diperoleh rerata visus dekat dan jauh secara berurutan 1,27±0,24 dan 1,26±0,27 LogMar. Sebanyak 73,7% subjek memperoleh ABL dekat. Setelah diberikan ABL, didapati perubahan visus dekat dan jauh sebesar 0,53 LogMar dan 0,82 LogMar. Seluruh skor subskala kualitas hidup NEI-VFQ25 oleh Langelaan mengalami peningkatan (p < 0.05). Skor acceptance coping tampak meningkat (p=0,049) disertai penurunan skor subskala emotionfocused coping (p=0,003). Hasil uji korelasi membuktikan adanya hubungan antara perbaikan skor kualitas hidup total dan penurunan skor emotion-focused coping (r=-0,495, p=0,037). Kesimpulan: Pemberian LVA dapat memperbaiki kualitas hidup penyandang low vision. Hal ini berhubungan juga dengan mekanisme koping yang bersifat adaptif.
Kata Kunci: alat bantu lihat, kualitas hidup, low vision, mekanisme coping, rehabilitasi low vision


Background: Low vision is an irreversible condition that may causes a decrease in the quality of life . It stimulates certain coping mechanisms that affect a person's adaptation processes. To modify this, low vision rehabilitation services are needed, one of them is low vision aids (LVA) utilization. The impact of LVA utilizaion on quality of life and coping mechanisms needs to be explored for the evaluation of low vision rehabilitation services. Purpose: To evaluate the impact of LVA utilization on visual function, quality of life and coping mechanisms of low cision patients. Methods: The design of this study was quasi-experimental study (one group pre-post study). NEI-VFQ 25 and COPE questionnaires are used for quality of life and coping mechanism measurements. Results: Eighteen participants with severe visual impairment (27.8%) and legal blindness (44.4%) were included in this study. Mean near and distance visual acuity (VA) were 1.27±0.24 and 1.26±0.27 LogMar, respectively. Of all participants, 73.7% was given LVA for near activity. Improvement of mean near visual acuity was 0.53 LogMar and 0.82 LogMar for distance visual acuity after 2 months of LVA utilization. Mean quality of life score also increased significantly in all aspects of the Langelaan measurement subscale (p < 0.05) followed by increasing of acceptance coping subscale scores (p=0.049) and decreased on the emotion-focused coping subscale scores (p=0.003). The results of the Spearman correlation test found that there was a relationship between the improvement in the total quality of life score and the decreasing of emotion-focused coping score (r=-0.495, p=0.037). Conclusion: LVAs may improve the quality of life for people with low vision. This change also related to adaptive coping mechanisms.
Keywords: coping mechanism, low vision, low vision aid, low vision rehabilitation, quality of life