Tesis

Gambaran Gejala Psikopatologi Dan Hubungannya Dengan Stres Kerja Pada Perawat di Unit Critical Care dan Non-Critical Care di Rumah Sakit X = Psychopathological Symptoms and Its Association with Occupational Stress Among Nurses in Critical Care and Non-Critical Care Units at Hospital X.

Stres kerja merupakan salah satu faktor yang cukup sering ditemui pada profesi perawat dan berkaitan dengan menurunnya produktivitas serta kinerja perawat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan stres kerja dan psikopatologi pada perawat di unit critical care dan non-critical care di Rumah Sakit X. Studi ini merupakan studi potong lintang analitik terhadap 108 perawat yang terdiri dari 71 perawat unit critical care dan 37 perawat unit non-critical care Rumah Sakit X. Sampel diambil secara proportional random sampling sesuai kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Stres kerja diukur menggunakan Expanded Nursing Stress Scale (ENSS) dan gejala psikopatologi dinilai menggunakan Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL-90). Rerata total skor ENSS pada perawat adalah sebesar 88,17 ± 32,24 dari total skor ENSS yaitu 228. Sebanyak 19,4% perawat mengalami gejala psikopatologi. Berdasarkan uji T tidak berpasangan didapatkan hubungan yang bermakna dan kuat antara stres kerja dengan gejala psikopatologi (p < 0,001). Namun, tidak ditemukan perbedaan yang bermakna baik pada rerata stres kerja maupun proporsi psikopatologi pada perawat unit critical care dan non-critical care. Peneliti menarik kesimpulan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara stres kerja dan psikopatologi perawat. Evaluasi stres kerja dan psikopatologi pada perawat direkomendasikan sebagai pemeriksaan kesehatan berkala di rumah sakit.
Kata kunci: Stres kerja, ENSS, psikopatologi, SCL-90, perawat, unit critical care, unit non-critical care.


Occupational stress often found among nurses. It can affect a person’s health and fitness then lead to decrease productivity and performance. Aim of this study is to analyze the association between occupational stress and psychopathological symptoms among nurses in critical care and non-critical care units at Hospital X. This study is cross-sectional analytic research of 108 nurses, including 71 nurses work in critical care units and 37 nurses work in non-critical care units. Samples were taken by proportional random sampling based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Occupational stress was assessed by Expanded Nursing Stress Scale (ENSS) and psychopathological symptoms was assessed by Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL-90). The mean of ENSS total score was 88,17 ± 32,24 (maximum score of ENSS was 228). 19,4% of nurses had psychopathological symptoms. Based on analysis using an unpaired T test, a significant difference between occupational stress and psychopathological symptoms (p < 0,001) was found. No significant difference both mean occupational stress and proportion of psychopathological symptoms in critical care units’ nurses compare to non-critical care units. There was a significant association between occupational stress and psychopathology among nurses. Evaluation of occupational stress and psychopathology among nurses are recommended as periodic medical check-up in hospital.
Keywords: occupational stress, ENSS, psychopathology, SCL-90, nurses, critical care units, non-critical care units.