Text

The potency of piper betle leaves extract as antiviral drug to dengue virus in vitro = Potensi ekstrak daun Piper betle sebagai obat antivirus dengue secara in vitro.

Introduction: So far, there is no specific medicine known to be effective in treating dengue virus (DENV) infection, there is only supportive treatment geared toward its symptoms. It is known that herbal extracts possess a measure of effectivity against dengue virus (DENV). Piper betle ,or sirih, is one of the most common medicinal plant used by Indonesian citizen. Which is why, an in-depth study regarding the effectivity of Piper betle leaves extract towards DENV becomes an important topic. Method: Huh 7it-1 cell in Dulbecco Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM) mixed with LGlutamin and Fetal Bovine Serum (FBS) cultured on plat 96 and 48 well plate to examine toxicityand effectivity, respectively. Then, the cells were infected with DENV which has been given Piper betle leaves extract at various concentration such as 160ug/mL, 80ug/mL, 40ug/mL, 20ug/mL, 10ug/mL, and 5ug/mL. After incubation for 48 hours, supernatant and cell were harvested to conduct focus and MTT assay respectively. Results: IC50, CC50, and Selectivity index (SI) of Piper betle leaves extract were 17.662 µg/mL, 486.404 µg/mL, and 27.5 respectively. Conclusion: Based on the IC50, CC50, and SI value, Piper betle leaves extract shows great potential as a antiviral drug candidate towards DENV.
Keyword: CC50, IC50, dengue virus, antivirus to dengue, Piper betle leaves extract, dengue replication


Pendahuluan: Hingga saat ini belum ada obat spesifik yang diketahui mampu menyembuhkan demam berdarah secara efektif, hanya pengobatan suportif yang diarahkan kepada gejalanya. Telah diketahui bahwa ekstrak herbal memang mempunyai beberapa efektivas melawan virus dengue (DENV) infection. Piper betle atau sirih adalah salah satu tanaman obat yang banyak dimanfaatkan oleh masyarakat di Indonesia. Oleh karena itu, studi mendalam mengenai efektivitas ekstrak daun Piper betle terhadap DENV menjadi sesuatu yang penting. Metode: Sel Huh 7it-1 dalam medium Dulbecco Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM) yang dicampur dengan L-Glutamin dan Fetal Bovine Serum (FBS) dikultur pada plat 96 untuk uji toksisitas dan plat 48 untuk uji efektivitas. Selanjutnya sel-sel diinfeksi dengan DENV yang telah diberi ekstrak daun Piper betle dengan variasi konsentrasi 160ug/mL, 80ug/mL, 40ug/mL, 20ug/mL, 10ug/mL, and 5ug/mL. Setelah inkubasi selama 48 jam, supernatan dan sel diambil untuk uji fokus dan MTT, secara berurutan. Hasil: IC50, CC50 and Selectivity index (SI) sebesar 17.662 µg/ml, 486.404 µg/ml dan 27.5. Kesimpulan: Berdasarkan nilai IC50, CC50, dan SI value, Piper betle leaves extract berpotensi besar sebagai kandidat obat antivirus terhadap DENV.
Kata kunci: CC50, IC50, virus dengue, antivirus dengue, ektrak daun Piper betle, replikasi virus dengue