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Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxykinase Level in Placental Tissue of Early Onset Preeclampsia = Tingkat Fosfoenolpiruvat Karboksikinase di Jaringan Plasenta Preeklamsia Awitan Dini.

Background: Preeclampsia (PE) is a multisystem progressive disorder in the last half of pregnancy or postpartum. Early-onset preeclampsia (prior to 34 weeks) is frequently linked with fetal growth restriction (FGR) and inadequate perfusion. Placental hypoxia caused by decreased uteroplacental perfusion would lead to an increase of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK). This study aims to observe the PEPCK levels in placental tissue of women with early-onset preeclampsia. Method: This research used sandwich ELISA method to analyze and measure the PEPCK concentration of 26 preeeclamptic placenta. The principle of Sandwich ELISA is by using two antibodies to identify the PEPCK antigen. Result was then measured using a microplate reader at 450 nm absorbance. Each sample’s protein concentration measured was divided by the total protein concentration to get a result in ng/mg protein. Results: PEPCK expression median from 26 samples of early-onset preeclampsia placenta included in this study was found to be 8.9976 ng/mg protein (p < 0.05), with a minimum of 1.737 and maximum of 44.914 ng/mg protein. Each sample’s result was then classified into 5 subjects characteristics which include maternal age, birth weight, gravidity, hypertension grade 1 and 2, as well as proteinuria. Conclusion: This study concluded that the median concentration of PEPCK which was measured from early-onset preeclamptic placenta was 8.9976 ng/mg protein. PEPCK expression was found to be higher in patients who are < 35 years old, birth weight of > 1500 gram, multigravida, hypertension grade 2, and proteinuria < + 3.
Keywords: Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxykinase, placenta, early onset preeclampsia, gluconeogenesis, hypoxia.


Latar Belakang: Preeklamsia (PE) merupakan suatu penyakit multisystem progresif pada paruh terakhir kehamilan atau postpartum. Preeklamsia awitan dini (sebelum 34 minggu) sering dikatikan dengan fetal growth restriction (FGR), perfusi buruk. Hipoksia plasenta akibat penurunan perfusi uteroplasenta akan menyebabkan peningkatan produksi enzim glukoneogenik, salah satunya fosfoenolpiruvat karboksikinase (PEPCK). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kadar PEPCK pada jaringan plasenta wanita preeeklamsia awitan dini. Metode: Terdapat 26 sampel plasenta preeklamsia yang dianalisis konsentrasi PEPCK pada penelitian ini dengan menggunakan metode Sandwich ELISA. Prinsip sandwich ELISA adalah dengan menggunakan dua antibody untuk mengidentifikasi antigen PEPCK. Hasil akhir lalu diukur dengan microplate reader pada absorbansi 450 nm. Konsentrasi protein tiap sampel yang telah ditemukan lalu dibagi dengan total konsentrasi protein total untuk mendapatkan hasil konsentrasi PEPCK dalam bentuk ng/mg protein. Hasil: Median ekspresi PEPCK dari 26 pasien preeklamsia dini yang termasuk dalam studi ini adalah 8.9976 ng/mg protein (p < 0.05) dengan nilai minimal 1.737 dan nilai maksimum 44.914 ng/mg protein. Hasil dari masing-masing sampel lalu diklasifikasikan kedalam 5 karateristik subjek kelahiran yaitu usia ibu, berat badan lahir, graviditas ibu, hipertensi derajat 1 dan 2, serta proteinuria. Kesimpulan: Studi ini menemukan bahwa median dari konsentrasi PEPCK yang terukur pada plasenta preeklamsia awitan dini adalah sebesar 8.9976 ng/mg protein. Ekspresi PEPCK ditemukan lebih tinggi pada pasien dengan usia < 35 tahun, berat badan lahir > 1500 gram, multigravida, hipertensi derajat 2, dan proteinuria < +3.
Kata Kunci: Fosfoenolpiruvat Karboksikinase, plasenta, preeklamsia awitan dini, gluconeogenesis, hipoksia.