Tesis

Perspektif Psikiatri Forensik Prinsip Penilaian Kapasitas Mental pada Kasus Pengampuan: Sebuah Systematic Review = Forensic Psychiatric Perspective on the Principles of Assessing Mental Capacity in Guardianship Cases: A Systematic Review.

Profesional kesehatan mental memainkan peran mendasar dalam membantu pengadilan pada kasus-kasus pengampuan. Dibutuhkan kemampuan assessing psychiatrist yang dapat melakukan pemeriksaan sesuai peran yang diminta yaitu menghadirkan bukti objektif untuk kepentingan hukum. Dengan belum adanya modul pengajaran yang seragam dalam mempersiapkan psikiater umum untuk menghadapi permintaan penilaian kapasitas mental pada kasus pengampuan, maka studi ini berupaya mendapatkan dasar keilmuan untuk mengembangkan prosedur yang terstandar bagi psikiater. Dilakukan pencarian jurnal atau artikel menggunakan database elektronik Oxford Journal, Springer Link, EBSCO Host, ProQuest, PubMed, dan Cochrane Library. Studi literatur ini menggunakan format PICO framework dengan kriteria inklusi dan kriteria ekslusi untuk mendapatkan artikel yang sesuai dengan topik penelitian. Selain itu dilakukan pula pencarian referensi dan jurnal yang relevan secara manual (hand searching). The Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal dan the Scale for the Assessment of Narrative Review Articles (SANRA) digunakan dalam penilaian kualitas artikel. Jumlah artikel yang didapat berdasarkan uji kelayakan terhadap kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi sebanyak 14 artikel. Didapatkan penilaian yang dilakukan meliputi perspektif individu yang akan diajukan untuk menjalani pengampuan maupun penilaian terhadap keluarga yang akan menjadi wali pengampu. Beberapa hal-hal yang harus menjadi perhatian bagi assessing psychiatrist terkait tahapan dan faktor-faktor penting juga harus diperhatikan untuk penilaian kapasitas mental dalam kasus pengampuan serta instrumen-instrumen yang menunjang penilaian secara obyektif pada kasus pengampuan. Penerapan prinsip-prinsip penilaian kapasitas mental pada kasus pengampuan diharapkan dapat membantu dalam penyusunan prosedur pelayanan medis yang obyektif dan akurat di fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan jiwa.
Kata Kunci: penilaian; kapasitas mental; pengampuan


Mental health professionals play a fundamental role in assisting courts in guardianship cases. An assessing psychiatrist's ability is needed who can carry out examinations according to the requested role, namely presenting objective evidence for legal purposes. Becausse of there is no uniform teaching modules in preparing general psychiatrists to meet the demand for mental capacity assessments in guardianship cases, leads this study seeks to gain a scientific basis for developing standardized procedures for psychiatrists. Journal or article searches were conducted using the Oxford Journal, Springer Link, EBSCO Host, ProQuest, PubMed, and Cochrane Library electronic databases. This literature study uses the PICO framework format with inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria to obtain articles that are in accordance with the research topic. In addition, a manual search for references and relevant journals was also carried out (hand searching). The Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal and the Scale for the Assessment of Narrative Review Articles (SANRA) were used in the article quality assessment. The number of articles obtained based on the feasibility test against the inclusion and exclusion criteria was 14 articles. It was found that the assessment carried out includes the perspective of the individual who will be proposed to undergo a guardianship as well as an assessment of the family who will become the guardian. This systematic review contains matters that should be a concern for assessing psychiatrists regarding the stages and important factors that must be considered for the assessment of mental capacity in the case of guardianship as well as the instruments that support objective assessment in the case of guardianship. The application of the principles of mental capacity assessment in guardianship cases is expected to assist in the preparation of objective and accurate medical service procedures in mental health care facilities.
Keywords: assessment; mental capacity; guardianship