Tesis

Pengaruh posisi kerja duduk dan lama duduk terhadap risiko hemorrhoid pada pekerja wanita bagian produksi di pabrik sigaret kretek tangan = The influence of sitting work position and sitting time for the risk of hemorrhoid in female production workers at the hand-rolled cigarette factory.

Latar belakang. Berdasarkan hasil medical check up perusahaan sigaret kretek tangan PT. X pada tahun 2018 didapatkan prevalensi hemorrhoid sebesar 33%. Beberapa penelitian yang ada telah berusaha menunjukkan adanya hubungan antara faktor sosiodemografis seperti usia, riwayat keluarga, konstipasi, obesitas, kehamilan, konsumsi serat, dan posisi defekasi pada subyek penelitian di klinik dan rumah sakit. Informasi mengenai pengaruh posis kerja duduk dan lama duduk terhadap risiko hemorrhoid masih terbatas. Tujuan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan adanya peningkatan risiko dari posisi kerja duduk dan lama duduk terhadap kejadian hemorrhoid. Metode. Studi observasional kasus kontrol tidak berpasangan 1:1 dengan subyek berjumlah 300 pekerja wanita. Faktor risiko terkait hemorrhoid didapatkan dari data primer dan sekunder. Kasus adalah pekerja yang terdiagnosa hemorrhoid dan kontrol adalah pekerja yang tidak terdiagnosa hemorrhoid pada saat medical check up tahun 2018. Analisis data dilakukan secara univariat dan bivariat. Hasil. Rerata usia subyek 42,49±3,05 tahun (kasus) dan 42,83±3,02 tahun (kontrol) dengan tingkat pendidikan paling banyak adalah SLTP pada kedua kelompok. Analisis bivariat menunjukkan posisi kerja dan lama duduk tidak memiliki hubungan yang bermakna dengan kejadian hemorrhoid. Sedangkan konsumsi kurang buah (OR=3,84; IK 95% 1,87-7,91) dan konsumsi kurang sayur (OR=2,41; IK 95% 1,36-4,28) meningkatkan risiko kejadian hemorrhoid dibandingkan konsumsi cukup sayur dan buah. Kesimpulan. Posisi kerja duduk dan lama duduk tidak berhubungan dengan peningkatan risiko hemorrhoid. Sedangkan konsumsi kurang sayur dan buah meningkatkan risiko terjadinya hemorrhoid.
Kata kunci. Posisi kerja duduk, lama duduk, hemorrrhoid, pekerja produksi wanita, pabrik sigaret kretek tangan.


Introduction. According to medical check up results of the hand-rolled cigarette factory PT. X in 2018, a hemorrhoid prevalence of 33% was found. Several studies have tried to show an association between sociodemographic factors such as age, family history, constipation, obesity, pregnancy, lack of fiber consumption, and defecation position in research subjects in clinics and hospitals. Nevertheless, the effects of sitting work position and sitting time on the risk of hemorrhoid is yet to be revealed. Objective. This study aims to prove an increasing risk of sitting work position and sitting time for the incidence of hemorrhoid. Methods. An observational study with a 1:1 unmatched case control design. The subjects were 300 female workers. The risk factors associated with hemorrhoids were obtained from primary and secondary data. Cases were workers diagnosed with hemorrhoids and controls were workers who were not diagnosed with hemorrhoids during a medical checkup 2018. Data analysis was performed using univariate and bivariate analysis. Results. The mean ages of the subjects were 42.49±3.05 years old (cases) and 42.83±3.02 years old (controls), with most education level was a junior high school in both groups. Bivariate analysis pointed out that sitting work position and sitting time did not have a significant relationship with the incidence of hemorrhoids. Meanwhile, consumption of less fruit (OR = 3.84; CI 95% 1.87-7.91) and consumption of less vegetables (OR = 2.41; CI 95% 1.36-4.28) increase the risk of hemorrhoid events compared to sufficient consumption of vegetables and fruit. Conclusion. Sitting work position qnd sitting time were not associated with an increased risk of hemorrhoid. Meanwhile, consumption of less vegetables and fruits increased the risk of hemorrhoid.
Keywords. Sitting work position, sitting time, hemorrhoid, female production worker, hand-rolled cigarette factory.