Tesis

Hubungan Kadar Kalsidiol Serum Pasien Keratosis Seboroik di Daerah Pesisir dengan Sun Index dan Asupan Vitamin D = Association of Serum Calcidiol of Seborrheic Keratoses Patient in the Coastal Area with Sun Index and Vitamin D Intake.

Latar belakang: Keratosis seboroik (KS) merupakan salah satu tumor jinak epidermis dengan faktor risiko utama pajanan matahari berlebih. Selain pajanan matahari, defisiensi vitamin D diduga berperan pada patogenesis KS. Defisiensi vitamin D dapat disebabkan oleh pajanan matahari yang kurang maupun kurangnya asupan vitamin D. Daerah pesisir memiliki karakteristik pajanan matahari yang tinggi. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan penelitian yang menilai hubungan kadar vitamin D dengan pajanan matahari dan asupan vitamin D pada pasien KS di daerah pesisir. Tujuan: Menilai hubungan antara kadar kalsidiol serum dengan sun index dan asupan vitamin D pada pasien KS di daerah pesisir. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif-analitik dengan desain potong lintang. Pada penelitian ini, dilakukan anamnesis mengenai pajanan matahari untuk menilai skor sun index, wawancara food frequency questionnaire semikuantitatif untuk menilai asupan vitamin D, pemeriksaan fisis dan dermoskopi untuk mengetahui ukuran terbesar lesi KS, dan pengambilan darah untuk mengukur kadar kalsidiol serum. Digunakan uji korelasi Spearman untuk menilai hubungan antara sun index dan kadar kalsidiol dengan ukuran lesi KS, serta hubungan sun index dan asupan vitamin D dengan kadar kalsidiol. Hasil: Sejumlah 39 individu usia 19-59 tahun yang tinggal di Kecamatan Cilincing, Jakarta Utara berpartisipasi menjadi subjek penelitian. Median ukuran terbesar lesi KS adalah 2 (1–10) mm, median nilai sun index adalah 3,95 (1,1–23,52), median kadar kalsidiol serum adalah 14,3 (5,25–35,3) ng/ml, dan median asupan vitamin D adalah 4,3 (0,1–30,1) mcg/hari. Sejumlah 94,9% SP mengalami defisiensi dan insufisiensi vitamin D, serta 87,2% SP mendapatkan asupan vitamin D yang kurang. Tidak ditemukan korelasi antara sun index dengan ukuran lesi KS (r=-0,057; p=0,731), kadar kalsidiol dengan ukuran lesi KS (r=0,108; p=0,513), sun index dengan kadar kalsidiol (r=0,188; p=0,253), dan asupan vitamin D dengan kadar kalsidiol (r=0,042; p=0,801). Kesimpulan: Walaupun ditemukan kadar kalsidiol dan asupan vitamin D rendah, tidak terdapat hubungan antara sun index dan kadar kalsidiol dengan ukuran lesi KS, serta hubungan sun index dan asupan vitamin D dengan kadar kalsidiol pada masyarakat pesisir.
Kata kunci: kalsidiol, sun index, asupan vitamin D, keratosis seboroik


Background: Seborrheic keratosis (SK) is a benign epidermal tumor with high sun exposure as a major risk factor. In addition, vitamin D deficiency is thought to play a role in the pathogenesis of SK. Vitamin D deficiency can be caused by insufficient sun exposure or a lack of vitamin D intake. Coastal areas are characterized by high sun exposure. Therefore, research assessing the relationship of vitamin D levels with sun exposure and vitamin D intake in SK patients living in a coastal area needs to be done. Objective: To assess the correlation between serum calcidiol levels with sun index and vitamin D intake in patients with SK living in coastal areas. Methods: This is an analytic-descriptive cross-sectional study. In this study, we performed interview about sun exposure to obtain the sun index; interview of vitamin D intake with semi quantitative food frequency questionnaire; physical examination and dermoscopy to determine the largest diameter of SK lesions; and measurement of serum calcidiol levels. The Spearman correlation test was used to assess the relationship between sun index and calcidiol levels with SK lesion size, as well as the relationship between sun index and vitamin D intake with calcidiol levels. Results: A total of 39 individuals with 19–59 years age living in Cilincing District, North Jakarta participated. Median of the largest size of SK lesions was 2 (1–10) mm, median of sun index was 3.95 (1.1–23.52), median of serum calcidiol levels was 14.3 (5.25–35.3) ng/ml, and median of vitamin D intake was 4.3 (0.1–30.1) mcg/day. 94.9% of subjects had vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency, and 87.2% had insufficient intake of vitamin D. There were no correlations between sun index and SK lesion size (r=-0.057; p=0.731), calcidiol levels with SK lesion size (r=0.108; p=0.513), sun index with calcidiol levels (r=0.188; p=0.253), and vitamin D intake with calcidiol levels (r=0.042; p=0.801). Conclusion: Although we found low levels of calcidiol and vitamin D intake, there was no relationship between sun index and calcidiol levels with the size of SK lesions, as well as a relationship between sun index and vitamin D intake with calcidiol levels in coastal population.
Keywords: calcidiol, sun index, vitamin D intake, seborrheic keratoses