Tesis

Kesesuaian Karakteristik Morfologis Kanker Payudara pada Ultrasonografi Terhadap Indeks Proliferasi Ki-67 di RSUPN dr Cipto Mangunkusumo = The Compatibility of Morphological Findings of Breast Cancer on Ultrasound Against the Ki-67 Proliferative Index at RSUPN Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo.

Pendahuluan Kanker payudara adalah keganasan paling sering terjadi pada perempuan dan merupakan penyebab kematian tertinggi di Indonesia. Evaluasi dapat dilakukan pemeriksaan USG guna menentukan karakteristik lesi. Pemeriksaan indeks proliferasi Ki-67 berperan dalam menentukan prognosis dan memprediksi keberhasilan neoadjuvant chemotherapy pada kanker payudara. Namun distribusi pemeriksaan indeks proliferasi Ki-67 belum merata, sedangkan, pemeriksaan USG sudah cukup banyak di tempat pelayanan kesehatan di Indonesia karena pemeriksaannya yang mudah dengan harga yang relatif murah. Data untuk mengevaluasi kesesuaian karakteristik lesi kanker payudara pada USG dengan indeks proliferasi Ki-67 masih sangatlah terbatas. Tujuan Mengetahui kesesuaian pada karakteristik morfologis USG dengan indeks proliferasi Ki-67 untuk menentukan faktor prognosis. Metode Dilakukan pembacaan ulang hasil USG 96 pasien yang didapatkan dari PACS, dicatat bentuk lesi, batas lesi, orientasi lesi, pola ekogenitas, posterior lesi, kelenjar limfe, vaskularisasi dan kalsifikasi. Kemudian dicatat hasil indeks proliferasi Ki-67 dan dikelompokan berdasarkan Tashima, dkk yaitu rendah (< 20%) dan tinggi (≥ 20%). Analisis dilakukan dengan uji Mc Nemar disertai analisis Kappa Cohen dan Konkordansi. Hasil Pada uji Mc nemar, penilaian karakteristik ultrasonografi kanker payudara dengan hasil Ki-67 yang tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna secara statistik (p > 0,05) adalah temuan vaskularisasi ( n = 0,405). Pada analisis Kappa Cohen, tidak terdapat asosiasi antara temuan ultrasonografi kanker payudara dengan hasil Ki-67 < 20% dan ≥ 20%. Pada analisis Konkordansi, terdapat kesesuaian lemah (50 %-65%) antara hasil temuan posterior lesi (51,3%) dan kalsifikasi (51,0%) dengan hasil Ki-67 < 20% dan ≥ 20%, terdapat pula kesesuaian sedang (65%-80%) antara hasil temuan bentuk lesi (72,9%), batas lesi (76,0%), kelenjar limfe (71,6%) dan vaskularisasi (71,6%). Simpulan Dari 8 karakteristik morfologi USG yang diperiksa, hanya vaskularisasi yang tidak berbeda bermakna dengan Ki-67, sehingga hanya vaskularisasi yang sesuai dengan ekspresi Ki-67.
Kata kunci : Kanker payudara; ultrasonografi; indeks proliferasi Ki-67


Introduction Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women and is the leading cause of death in Indonesia. USG examination can be done to determine the characteristics of the lesion. The examination of the Ki-67 proliferation index plays a role in determining prognosis and predicting the success of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer. However, the distribution of the Ki-67 proliferation index examination has not been evenly distributed, meanwhile, USG examination are quite common in health care centers in Indonesia because of the easy examination at a relatively cheap price. The data to evaluate the suitability of the characteristics of breast cancer lesions on ultrasound with the Ki-67 proliferation index are still very limited. Purpose Determine whether there is agreement on the morphological characteristics of USG with the Ki-67 proliferation index to determine prognostic factors. Methods Re-expertise the USG results of 96 patients obtained from PACS, noted the shape, the margin and the orientation of the lesion, also the echo pattern, the posterior lesions, the lymph nodes, vascularization and calcification. Then performed recording the results of the Ki-67 proliferation index and grouped according to Tashima et al, divided into low ( < 20%) and high ( ≥ 20%). The analysis was carried out by using the Mc Nemar test accompanied by Kappa Cohen's analysis and Concordance. Results In the Mc Nemar test, the assessment of the characteristics of the ultrasound findings of breast cancer with a Ki-67 index that did not have a statistically significant difference (p > 0.05) was a finding of vascularity (n = 0.405). In Cohen's Kappa analysis, there was no association between breast cancer ultrasound findings and Ki67 index < 20% and ≥ 20%. In the concordance analysis, there was a weak agreement (50% -65%) between the findings of posterior lesions (51.3%) and calcification (51.0%) with Ki-67 index < 20% and ≥ 20%, there was also moderate agreement (65% -80%) between the findings of the lesion shape (72.9%), the margin of the lesion (76.0%), lymph nodes (71.6%) and vascularization (71.6%). Conclusion From 8 morphological characteristics of USG examined, only vascularization was not significantly different from Ki-67, so only vascularity was in accordance (match) with Ki-67 expression.
Keyword : breast cancer; ultrasonography; Ki-67 proliferation index