Skripsi

Hubungan Usia dan Jenis Kelamin terhadap Seroprevalensi Fascioliasis Manusia di Desa Karang Indah, Kabupaten Sumba Barat Daya, Nusa Tenggara Timur = Age and gender in association with the seroprevalence of human fascioliasis in Karang Indah Village, Southwest Sumba District, East Nusa Tenggara.

Pendahuluan Fascioliasis merupakan infeksi parasit Fasciola hepatica dan Fasciola gigantica yang tergolong infeksi tropis yang terabaikan, tetapi mulai mendapatkan perhatian di seluruh dunia. Data prevalensi fascioliasis manusia di Indonesia masih minim dan hubungannya dengan usia maupun jenis kelamin masih belum jelas. Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan usia dan jenis kelamin terhadap seroprevalensi fascioliasis manusia di Desa Karang Indah, Kabupaten Sumba Barat Daya, Nusa Tenggara Timur. Metode Seratus sepuluh sampel plasma yang dipilih secara acak, berasal dari penduduk Desa Karang Indah. Antibodi IgG anti-FhSAP2 dideteksi pada sampel plasma menggunakan ELISA. Usia dan jenis kelamin merupakan data sekunder. Usia dikelompokkan berdasarkan 2 kategori (anak dan dewasa) dan 4 kategori (510, 11-20, 21-35, dan > 35 tahun). Hasil Studi ini menunjukkan bahwa seroprevalensi fascioliasis manusia di Desa Karang Indah sebesar 10,9%. Seroprevalensi fascioliasis tertinggi pada kelompok anak (14%) terutama pada usia 11-20 tahun (14,3%) dan terendah pada usia di atas 35 tahun (4,3%) walaupun tidak ditemukan perbedaan signifikan antar kelompok usia. Kelompok laki-laki (14,9%) memiliki seroprevalensi fascioliasis lebih tinggi, tetapi tidak berbeda bermakna dengan kelompok perempuan (7,9%). Kesimpulan Temuan pada studi ini menunjukkan bahwa usia dan jenis kelamin tidak berhubungan secara signifikan dengan seroprevalensi fascioliasis di Desa Karang Indah. Penelitian lebih lanjut diperlukan untuk mencari faktor-faktor lain yang dapat berpengaruh terhadap seroprevalensi fascioliasis seperti perilaku, budaya, sanitasi, dan diet.
Kata kunci: fascioliasis manusia, usia, jenis kelamin, Desa Karang Indah, Nusa Tenggara Timur


Introduction Fascioliasis is a parasitic infection caused by Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantica which is classified as a neglected tropical disease, but it has recently gained significant attention all over the world. Data on the prevalence of human fascioliasis in Indonesiais lacking and its association with age and gender is still unclear. This study aims to determine the association between age and gender with the seroprevalence of human fascioliasis in Karang Indah Village, Southwest Sumba District, East Nusa Tenggara Methods One hundred and ten plasma samples were randomly selected from villagers of Karang Indah. Anti-FhSAP2 IgG antibodies in plasma samples were detected with ELISA. Age and gender were obtained as secondary data. Age was grouped into 2 categories (children and adult) and 4 categories (5-10, 11-20, 2135, and > 35 years). Results This study demonstrated that the seroprevalence of human fascioliasis in Karang Indah Village was 10.9%. The highest seroprevalence was in children (14%) especially in the age group of 11-20 years old (14.3%), and lowest in the age group above 35 years old (4,3%); however no significant differences were found between the age groups. The males (14,9%) had a higher seroprevalence, but it was not significantly different from the females (7.9%). Conclusion The findings in this study suggested that age and sex were not significantly related to the seroprevalence of human fascioliasis in Karang Indah Village. Further study is needed to find other factors that may affect seroprevalence of fascioliasis such as behaviour, culture, sanitation, and diet.
Key words: human fascioliasis, age, gender, Karang Indah Village, East Nusa Tenggara