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Hubungan Status Fisik, Jumlah Pemberian Cairan Kristaloid Intraoperasi, dan Indeks Massa Tubuh Terhadap Hipotermia Pascabedah pada Pasien Geriatri = Association Physical Status, Amount of Crystalloid Fluid Intraoperative, and Body Mass Index for Postoperative Hypothermia among Geriatric Patients.

Latar Belakang: Hipotermia pascabedah merupakan kejadian yang umum terjadi pada pasien pascabedah, khususnya geriatri yaitu sebesar 70%. Hipotermia memiliki dampak serius, antara lain gangguan koagulasi dan perdarahan, gangguan metabolisme obat, infeksi, iskemia miokardial, aritmia, hospitalisasi lama, dan peningkatan morbiditas serta mortalitas pascabedah. Di Indonesia, khususnya di RSUPN dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo memiliki karakteristik distribusi status fisik preoperasi, jumlah pemberian cairan, dan indeks massa tubuh yang berbeda dari negara lain. Tujuan: Studi ini dilakukan untuk menganalisa hubungan status fisik preoperasi, jumlah pemberian cairan kristaloid intraoperasi, dan indeks massa tubuh terhadap hipotermia pascabedah pada pasien geriatri. Metode: Penelitian menggunakan metode potong-lintang dengan uji observasional terhadap 108 subjek penelitian dari rekam medis sejak November 2018-Januari 2019. Subjek penelitian adalah pasien geriatri yang telah menjalani pembedahan dalam anestesi umum dengan / tanpa anestesi regional dan dirawat di RSUPN dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo. Kriteria eksklusi yaitu pasien tidak memiliki catatan rekam medis lengkap, meninggal pada saat operasi atau saat tiba di rumah sakit, dan sudah mengalami hipotermia sebelum pembedahan. Hasil: Pada penelitian ini didapatkan proporsi hipotermia pascabedah pada pasien geriatri adalah 67,6%. Hasil penelitian antara hipotermia pascabedah dengan status fisik preoperasi, jumlah pemberian cairan kristaloid intraoperasi, dan indeks massa tubuh pada pasien geriatri yaitu nilai p = 0,997, p = 0,310, p = 0,413. Kesimpulan: Hipotermia pascabedah pada pasien geriatri tidak memiliki hubungan yang bermakna dengan status fisik preoperasi, jumlah pemberian cairan kristaloid intraoperasi, dan indeks massa tubuh pada pasien geriatri.
Kata Kunci: Hipotermia pascabedah, geriatri, status fisik preoperasi, jumlah pemberian cairan kristaloid intraoperasi, indeks massa tubuh


Background: Postoperative hypothermia is commonly found in postoperative patients, especially in geriatrics, which is 70%. Hypothermia also has serious effects, including coagulation and bleeding disorders, drug metabolism disorders, infections, myocardial ischemia, arrhythmias, prolonged hospitalization, and increased postoperative morbidity and mortality. In Indonesia, especially in Centre Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital subject’s characteristics, the distribution of preoperative physical status, amount of fluid administration, and body mass index are different from other countries. Objective: This study was conducted to analyze the association between preoperative physical status, the amount of intraoperative crystalloid fluid administration, and body mass index for postoperative hypothermia in geriatric patients. Methods: This was a cross-sectional observational study which included 108 research subjects and obtained from the medical records since November 2018 - January 2019. Subjects were geriatric patients who undergoing surgery with general anesthesia with / without regional anesthesia in Centre dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital. Exclusion criteria were patient who did not have a complete medical record, died during surgery or when arrived at the hospital, and had history of hypothermia before surgery. Results: In this study, the incidence of postoperative hypothermia among geriatric patients was 67.6%. The results of the study between postoperative hypothermia with preoperative physical status, the amount of intraoperative crystalloid fluid administration, and body mass index in geriatric patients were p = 0.997, p = 0.310, p = 0.413. Conclusion: Postoperative hypothermia in geriatric patients did not have significant association with preoperative physical status, amount of intraoperative crystalloid fluid administration, and body mass index in geriatric patients.
Keywords: Postoperative hypothermia, geriatrics, preoperative physical status, amount of intraoperative crystalloid fluid administration, body mass index